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LI Zhongyu, GUI Liang, HAI Yu, et al. Ultrahigh-resolution ISAR micro-Doppler suppression methodology based on variational mode decomposition and mode optimization[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR24043
Citation: LI Zhongyu, GUI Liang, HAI Yu, et al. Ultrahigh-resolution ISAR micro-Doppler suppression methodology based on variational mode decomposition and mode optimization[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR24043
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Ultrahigh-resolution ISAR Micro-Doppler Suppression Methodology Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and Mode Optimization

doi: 10.12000/JR24043
  • 1.

    School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China

  • 2.

    Air Force Early Warning Academy, Wuhan 430019, China

Funds:  The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62171084), The Municipal Government of Quzhou (2022D014)
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    Abstract
  • The imaging of aerial targets using Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) is affected by micro-Doppler effects resulting from localized micromotions, such as rotation and vibration. These effects introduce additional Doppler frequency modulation into the echo, leading to spectral broadening. Under ultrahigh-resolution conditions, these micromotions interfere with the focusing process of subject scatterers, resulting in images with poor focus showing significantly reduced quality. Furthermore, micro-Doppler signals exhibit temporal variability and nonstationary characteristics, posing difficulties in their estimation and differentiation from the echo. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a nonparametric method based on Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and mode optimization to separate the echo of the subject from micro-Doppler components. This separation is achieved by utilizing differences in their respective time-frequency distributions. This methodology mitigates the effect of micro-Doppler signals on the echo and obtains imaging results of a drone with ultrahigh-resolution. The VMD algorithm is introduced and subsequently extended to the complex domain. The method entails the decomposition of the ISAR echo along the azimuth direction into several mode functions distributed uniformly across the Doppler sampling bandwidth. Subsequently, image entropy indices are employed to optimize the decomposition parameters and select the imaging modes. This ensures the effective suppression of micro-Doppler signals and preservation of the subject echo. Compared to existing methods based on Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Local Mean Decomposition (LMD), the proposed method exhibits superior performance in suppressing image blurring caused by micro-Doppler effects while ensuring complete retention of fuselage details. Furthermore, the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method are validated through simulations and processing of ultrawideband microwave photonic data obtained from drone measurements.

     

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