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| Citation: | BI Hui, JIN Shuang, WANG Xiao, et al. High-resolution high-dimensional imaging of urban building based on GaoFen-3 SAR data[J]. Journal of Radars, 2022, 11(1): 40–51. doi: 10.12000/JR21113
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High-resolution High-dimensional Imaging of Urban Building Based on GaoFen-3 SAR Data（in English）
DOI: 10.12000/JR21113
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Abstract
Conventional Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) can only obtain two-dimensional (2-D) azimuth-range images without accurately reflecting the three-Dimensional (3-D) scattering structure information of the targets. However, SAR Tomography (TomoSAR) is a multi-baseline interferometric measurement mode that extends the synthetic aperture principle into the elevation direction, making it possible to recover the true height of the target, thereby achieving 3-D imaging. Moreover, Differential SAR Tomography (D-TomoSAR) extends the synthetic aperture principle into the elevation and time directions simultaneously. Thus, it can obtain the target 3-D scattering structure along with the deformation speed of the observed target. GaoFen-3 (GF-3) is the first C-band multi-polarization 1 m resolution SAR satellite of China. It has several advantages, such as high-resolution, large swath width, and multiple imaging modes, which are crucial to the development of a high-resolution earth observation technology for China. Presently, GF-3 data are mainly used in the image processing field, such as target identification. However, the phase information of the SAR images is not yet fully utilized. Moreover, because of the high-dimensional imaging ability that was overlooked at the beginning of designing the system, existing SAR images acquired by GF-3 have spatial and temporal de-coherence problems. Thus, it is difficult to use the images in further interference series processing. To solve the above problems, this study achieved 3-D and four-Dimensional (4-D) imaging of buildings around Yanqi Lake, in Beijing, based on the data of seven SAR complex images. We obtained the 3-D scattering structure information of buildings and achieved millimeter-level high-precision monitoring of building deformation. The preliminary experimental results demonstrate the application potential of GF-3 SAR data and provide a technical support for the subsequent further application of the GF-3 SAR satellite in urban sensing and monitoring. -
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References
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- Figure 1. TomoSAR imaging geometry
- Figure 2. Spatial-temporal baseline distribution of GF-3 dataset
- Figure 3. TomoSAR reconstructed reflectivity profiles of two scattering points along the elevation direction (left image: the distance between two scattering points is 11 m; right image: the distance between two scattering points is 50 m)
- Figure 4. TomoSAR reconstructed reflectivity profiles of three scattering points along the elevation direction (the distance between three scattering points is 20 m)
- Figure 5. D-TomoSAR simulation results (elevation position of two scatters are –10 m and 10 m; deformation velocity of two scatters are 4 mm/year and –7 mm/year, respectively)
- Figure 6. Ecological agricultural company
- Figure 7. Elevation and deformation velocity maps of ecological agricultural company
- Figure 8. 3-D point cloud of ecological agricultural company
- Figure 9. Beijing Yanqi lake international convention and exhibition center
- Figure 10. Elevation and deformation velocity maps of Beijing Yanqi lake international convention and exhibition center
- Figure 11. 3-D point cloud of Beijing Yanqi lake international convention and exhibition center
- Figure 12. Dingxiumeiquan town
- Figure 13. Elevation and deformation velocity maps of Dingxiumeiquan town
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