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Near-field 3D SAR Imaging Techniques Using a Scanning MIMO Array
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摘要: 基于扫描阵列的近场3维成像是合成孔径雷达(SAR)3维成像技术在民用领域的一种重要应用形式。“多发多收(MIMO)-扫描”体制是该领域一种独特的成像方式。相比于“单发单收(SISO)”阵列，MIMO阵列具有成像质量好、阵元利用率高、对天线间隔要求宽松以及成本低等特点。该文分别从信号模型、成像算法、实验系统和成像结果等方面介绍了“MIMO-平面扫”和“MIMO-柱面扫”两种成像体制。所得结果充分展现了该成像技术在许多场景中的巨大应用潜力。Abstract: Near-field 3-D imaging based on a scanning array is an important application of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) 3-D imaging technology for civil use. Compared with Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO) arrays, a Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) scanning system is a special imaging method characterized by high imaging quality, high array efficiency, loose requirements for antenna spacing and low cost. In this paper, two imaging regimes, namely, MIMO-planar scanning and MIMO cylindrical scanning, are described in terms of signal models, imaging algorithms, experimental systems, and imaging results. The results show the great application potential of the imaging technology in various scenarios.
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图 1 MIMO线阵平面扫描坐标定义
Figure 1. Coordinates definitions for the “MIMO-planar scanning” regime
图 2 “MIMO-平面扫”实验原理框图
Figure 2. Experimental setup for the “MIMO-planar scanning” regime
图 5 “MIMO-平面扫”实验采用的两种阵列构型
Figure 5. Two array topologies for the “MIMO-planar scanning” experiments
图 6 “MIMO-平面扫”实验成像结果
Figure 6. Experimental imaging results of the “MIMO-planar scanning” regime
图 7 MIMO线阵柱面扫描坐标定义
Figure 7. Coordinates definitions for the “MIMO-cylindrical scanning” regime
图 8 “MIMO-柱面扫”仿真成像阵列构型
Figure 8. Array topology for the “MIMO-cylindrical scanning” simulation
图 9 柱面观测孔径及仿真用目标模型
Figure 9. Cylindrical observation aperture and the human body model
图 10 人体模型电磁计算成像结果
Figure 10. Imaging results of the human body with electromagnetic calculation data
图 11 “MIMO-柱面扫”实验原理框图
Figure 11. Experimental setup for the “MIMO-cylindrical scanning” regime
图 12 “MIMO-柱面扫”实验场景
Figure 12. Experimental scenario for the “MIMO-cylindrical scanning” regime
图 13 “MIMO-柱面扫”实验用阵列构型
Figure 13. Array topology for the “MIMO-cylindrical scanning” experiment
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