MIMO雷达三维干涉诊断成像方法

许小剑; 刘永泽

doi:10.12000/JR18088

MIMO雷达三维干涉诊断成像方法

DOI: 10.12000/JR18088

许小剑^1,,
刘永泽^2, ,

①.
北京航空航天大学北京 100191
②.
石家庄铁道大学石家庄 050043

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(61371005)

详细信息

作者简介:
许小剑(1963–)，男，籍贯江西万安，博士，现为北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院信号与信息处理学科责任教授，博士生导师。主要研究方向为遥感特征建模、分析与处理、雷达成像与目标识别、智能化信息处理等。E-mail: xiaojianxu@buaa.edu.cn

刘永泽(1980–)，男，籍贯河北邯郸，博士，石家庄铁道大学信息科学与技术学院。主要研究方向为阵列信号处理、雷达系统设计、RCS测量与成像等。E-mail: liuyongze68@eyou.com

通讯作者:
刘永泽 liuyongze68@eyou.com

中图分类号: TN959.6
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-10-19
- 修回日期: 2018-12-15
- 网络出版日期: 2018-12-28

Three-dimensional Interferometric MIMO Radar Imaging for Target Scattering Diagnosis

Xu Xiaojian^1
,,
Liu Yongze^{2
, ,}

①.
Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
②.
Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61371005)

摘要

摘要: 2维合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR)和逆合成孔径雷达(Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar, ISAR)成像是目标散射机理高分辨率分析和散射诊断测量的重要手段，现有被广泛采用的技术主要包括转台ISAR和导轨SAR成像技术。相比于传统的2维成像，3维成像可以提供目标局部散射中心在空间的3维位置和散射强度信息。因此，探索新的、可工程化实现与应用的目标3维成像技术是一项极具吸引力的工作。该文提出一种基于多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO)阵列技术的3维干涉成像方法。首先，设计并试验了一种具有高孔径利用率和通过虚拟孔径实现干涉成像功能的MIMO阵列；其次，分析了MIMO阵列合成的两组虚拟孔径所成两幅2维雷达像的干涉相位与目标散射中心高度之间的关系，发展了MIMO雷达3维干涉成像算法；最后，通过数值仿真和原理样机实验验证了所提方法在目标散射机理分析和诊断测量应用中的可行性和有效性。
- 雷达成像 /
- 散射诊断 /
- MIMO雷达 /
- 干涉
Abstract: Two-dimensional (2D) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Inverse SAR (ISAR) imaging is of importance for diagnostic studies of target scattering mechanisms. Rail SAR and turntable ISAR are currently widely applied techniques for high resolution diagnostic imaging of complex targets. Three-dimensional (3D) imagery has the advantage of providing scattering magnitude and exact positions in altitude and in down-range and cross-range for each scattering center on a complex target. Thus, development of various 3D imaging radar systems for diagnostic measurements is attracting increasing attention from radar researchers. In this work, a novel 3D imaging method based on Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) radar and interferometric SAR processing is proposed. First, a MIMO array capable of interferometric measurement with high aperture utilization ratio is designed and tested. Then, a signal model for interferometric MIMO radar is formulated. The relation between interferometric phase and scatterer altitude is specifically analyzed, and a 3D image formation algorithm is developed. Finally, a numerical simulation and field data acquired using experimental MIMO radar system are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and usefulness of the proposed method for target scattering diagnosis. The proposed method has more advantages than current 3D imaging techniques, such as high measurement efficiency, low research and development cost, and strong environmental adaptability.
- Radar imaging /
- Scattering diagnosis /
- MIMO radar /
- Interferometry

HTML全文

图 1 MIMO阵列设计

Figure 1. MIMO array design

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 3维干涉成像几何关系

Figure 2. Three-dimensional interferometric imaging geometry

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 散射中心高程解算流程

Figure 3. Procedure of scatterer altitude calculation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 飞机模型MIMO雷达3D干涉成像仿真结果

Figure 4. Simulation results of MIMO radar 3D interferometric imaging for an aircraft model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 MIMO雷达实验系统

Figure 5. Photo of the experimental MIMO radar

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 金属球组合体3D干涉成像测量场景

Figure 6. Practical measurement scene of metallic spheres for 3D interferometric imaging

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图 7 金属球组合体MIMO雷达 3D干涉成像测量结果

Figure 7. Experimental results of MIMO radar 3D interferometric imaging for metallic spheres

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 全尺寸飞机模型MIMO雷达3D干涉成像测量结果

Figure 8. Experimental results of MIMO radar 3D interferometric imaging for a full-scale aircraft model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 全尺寸飞机模型目标散射机理

Table 1. Scattering mechanisms of the full-scale aircraft model

散射中心	飞机上位置
散射1	后起落架
散射2，散射3，散射4	挂载
散射5	进气道
散射6	前起落架
散射7	驾驶舱
散射8	头部散射
散射9	进气道腔体多次散射

下载: 导出CSV

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