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摘要: 很多军事和民用平台都同时具备雷达与通信功能。传统的分立式设计增加了系统的体积、功耗和成本，并降低了系统的电磁兼容性能。雷达通信一体化设计能够让雷达和通信共享硬件平台，从而克服上述缺点，受到了学术界和工业界的广泛关注。总体来看，雷达通信一体化可以通过资源分配和共用波形来实现。共用波形的方式具有更高的频谱效率和功率效率，并能够从根本上克服跨系统干扰，因此成为近年来的研究热点。该文首先对现有的雷达通信一体化共用波形设计进行综述，并将共用波形设计方法分为基于通信波形、基于雷达波形和基于联合设计3种类型。然后针对一般的一体化波形，该文对雷达通信一体化系统的性能边界的相关研究进行了综述，揭示了雷达和通信性能的折中。最后对该文内容进行了总结，并对一体化的未来研究方向进行了展望。Abstract: Radar and communication systems are hosted on the same platform in many civilian and military applications. Traditionally, radar and communication systems are separately designed, which increases the system size, cost, and power consumption, and decreases the electromagnetic compatibility. Joint radar and communication designs, which have drawn much attention from both the academic and industrial circles, overcome these problems by implementing radar and communication systems using the same hardware. Joint radar and communications systems can be realized by resource allocation and waveform sharing. Waveform sharing schemes have become popular in recent years because they have higher spectral and power efficiency and can fundamentally avoid interference between the different systems. This paper studies the existing strategies of shared waveforms for joint radar and communications systems. The existing strategies are divided into three categories, namely: the communication waveform-based approaches, the radar waveform-based methods, and the joint design schemes. The performance bounds of the joint radar and communication systems are also reviewed to reveal the trade-off between the performance metrics of radar and communications in these systems. The potential for future research into joint radar and communication designs is also discussed.
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图 1 雷达通信一体化系统模型和场景的图示
Figure 1. An illustration of the system model and the scenario of joint radar and communication systems
图 3 多用户MIMO通信的信道容量和雷达的协方差误差
${S}_{3}\left(\boldsymbol{R}\right)$ 的关系Figure 3. The relationship between the channel capacity of multi-user MIMO and the bias of the radar covariance
${S}_{3}\left(\boldsymbol{R}\right)$ 
图 4 多用户MIMO通信的信道容量和雷达目标角度估计的CRLB的关系
Figure 4. The relationship between the channel capacity of multi-user MIMO communication and the CRLB of the angle estimate of radar targets
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