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| Citation: | LONG Teng, DING Zegang, XIAO Feng, et al. Spaceborne high-resolution stepped-frequency SAR imaging technology[J]. Journal of Radars, 2019, 8(6): 782–792. doi: 10.12000/JR19076
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Spaceborne High-resolution Stepped-frequency SAR Imaging Technology
doi: 10.12000/JR19076
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Abstract
Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a type of microwave imaging radar with 2D high resolution. This technological device achieves range high resolution by transmitting wideband signals and azimuth high resolution through the synthetic aperture approach. With the increasing demand for high-resolution imaging, the resolution of spaceborne SAR has moved toward the decimeter level. On the one hand, limited by the present hardware technology, achieving wideband signal transmission through stepped-frequency technology is necessary. In this case, we need to study high-precision bandwidth synthesis technology. The influence of slant range error and amplitude and phase error between sub-bands should be considered. On the other hand, due to limited beamwidth, the system needs to work in sliding spot mode to achieve a long synthetic aperture. In this case, we need to study the problem of imaging parameter variance caused by curved orbit, “Stop–go” error, and the influence of ionospheric and tropospheric transmission errors on imaging. To solve these problems, this paper introduces the principle of stepped-frequency signal design and bandwidth synthesis technology in detail. A time-domain algorithm and non-ideal factor compensation method are proposed for spaceborne high-resolution stepped-frequency SAR imaging. Finally, simulation verification and performance analysis of the imaging algorithm are conducted. -
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References
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- Figure 1. Simultaneously transmitted subpulses
- Figure 2. Sequential subpulses transmitted in PRT
- Figure 3. Sequential subpulses transmitted interpulse
- Figure 4. Design result of subpulses transmitted alternatively for high resolution spaceborne SAR
- Figure 5. Equivalent speed variance caused by curved orbit
- Figure 6. Azimuth migration caused by stop-go error
- Figure 7. Range error variance of spaceborne high resolution SAR in typical refractive index during 100 s operation
- Figure 8. Quadratic phase error caused by ionosphere error
- Figure 9. Flow chart of high resolution sliding spotlight spaceborne SAR imaging algorithm
- Figure 10. Stepped frequency subband signal and simulation result of synthetic bandwidth
- Figure 11. Compressed synthetic signal with amplitude errors and phase errors
- Figure 12. Imaging result with troposphere error
- Figure 13. Imaging results with different ionosphere errors
- Figure 14. Imaging results with different DEM errors
- Figure 15. Imaging result of dot targets with high resolution sliding spotlight spaceborne SAR