Submit Manuscript
Peer Review
Editor Work
| Citation: | Xu Xiaojian, Liu Yongze. Three-dimensional Interferometric MIMO Radar Imaging for Target Scattering Diagnosis[J]. Journal of Radars, 2018, 7(6): 655-663. doi: 10.12000/JR18088
|
Three-dimensional Interferometric MIMO Radar Imaging for Target Scattering Diagnosis
DOI: 10.12000/JR18088
-
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Inverse SAR (ISAR) imaging is of importance for diagnostic studies of target scattering mechanisms. Rail SAR and turntable ISAR are currently widely applied techniques for high resolution diagnostic imaging of complex targets. Three-dimensional (3D) imagery has the advantage of providing scattering magnitude and exact positions in altitude and in down-range and cross-range for each scattering center on a complex target. Thus, development of various 3D imaging radar systems for diagnostic measurements is attracting increasing attention from radar researchers. In this work, a novel 3D imaging method based on Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) radar and interferometric SAR processing is proposed. First, a MIMO array capable of interferometric measurement with high aperture utilization ratio is designed and tested. Then, a signal model for interferometric MIMO radar is formulated. The relation between interferometric phase and scatterer altitude is specifically analyzed, and a 3D image formation algorithm is developed. Finally, a numerical simulation and field data acquired using experimental MIMO radar system are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and usefulness of the proposed method for target scattering diagnosis. The proposed method has more advantages than current 3D imaging techniques, such as high measurement efficiency, low research and development cost, and strong environmental adaptability.-
Keywords:
- Radar imaging,
- Scattering diagnosis,
- MIMO radar,
- Interferometry
-
-
References
[1] 黄培康, 许小剑, 巢增明, 等. 小角度旋转目标微波成像[J]. 电子学报, 1992, 20(6): 54–60. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:0372-2112.1992.06.010Huang Pei-kang, Xu Xiao-jian, Chao Zeng-ming, et al. Microwave imaging of targets rotating in a small azimuth angle range[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 1992, 20(6): 54–60. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:0372-2112.1992.06.010[2] Broquetas A, Palau J, Jofre L, et al. Spherical wave near-field imaging and radar cross-section measurement[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1998, 46(5): 730–735. DOI: 10.1109/8.668918[3] Osipov A, Kobayashi H, and Suzuki H. An improved image-based circular near-field-to-far-field transformation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2013, 61(2): 989–993. DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2012.2216853[4] LaHaie I J. Overview of an image-based technique for predicting far-field radar cross section from near-field measurements[J]. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 2003, 45(6): 159–169. DOI: 10.1109/MAP.2003.1282192[5] Charvat G L, Kempel L C, and Coleman C. A low-power high-sensitivity x-band rail SAR imaging system[J]. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 2008, 50(3): 108–115. DOI: 10.1109/MAP.2008.4563576[6] LaHaie I J and Rice S A. Antenna-pattern correction for near-field-to-far field RCS transformation of 1D linear SAR measurements[J]. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 2004, 46(4): 177–183. DOI: 10.1109/MAP.2004.1374048[7] Sensani S, Cioni R, Guidoni A, et al.. Radar image based near-field to far-field conversion algorithm in RCS measurements[EB/OL]. http://idscorporation.com.[8] Fishler E, Haimovich A, Blum R, et al.. MIMO radar: An idea whose time has come[C]. Proceedings of 2004 IEEE Radar Conference, Philadelphia, USA, 2004: 71–78.[9] Rabideau D J and Parker P. Ubiquitous MIMO multifunction digital array radar[C]. Proceedings of the 37th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers, Pacific Grove, USA, 2003: 1057–1064.[10] Zeng T, Mao C, Hu C, et al.. Multi-static MIMO-SAR three dimensional deformation measurement system[C]. Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE 5th Asia-Pacific Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar, Singapore, 2015: 297–301. DOI: 10.1109/APSAR.2015.7306212.[11] 巩朋成, 刘刚, 黄禾, 等. 频控阵MIMO雷达中基于稀疏迭代的多维信息联合估计方法[J]. 雷达学报, 2018, 7(2): 194–201. DOI: 10.12000/JR16121Gong Peng-cheng, Liu Gang, Huang He, et al. Multidimensional parameter estimation method based on sparse iteration in FDA-MIMO radar[J]. Journal of Radars, 2018, 7(2): 194–201. DOI: 10.12000/JR16121[12] Massaloux P and Bérisset P. Study of a near field RCS imaging system based on a MIMO array[C]. Proceedings of Antenna Measurement Techniques Association (AMTA) Symposium, Atlanta, USA, 2010.[13] Stewart K B, Majurec N, Burkholder R J, et al.. Waveform-diverse MIMO imaging radar target measurements[C]. Proceedings of 2014 IEEE Radar Conference, Cincinnati, USA, 2014: 918–922. DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2014.6875722.[14] Sun J W, Du L G, and Jiang W S. Design of a 1-D sparse UWB MIMO array for near field RCS imaging system[C]. Proceedings of 2015 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, Nanjing, China, 2015, 2: 1–3. DOI: 10.1109/APMC.2015.7413116.[15] Yan Z, Liu W, Chang Q G, et al.. Design of a near-field radar imaging system based on MIMO array[C]. Proceedings of the 2015 12th IEEE International Conference on Electronic Measurement & Instruments, Qingdao, China, 2015, 3: 1265–1269. DOI: 10.1109/ICEMI.2015.7494513.[16] Liu Y Z, Xu X J, and Xu G Y. MIMO radar calibration and imagery for near-field scattering diagnosis[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2018, 54(1): 442–452. DOI: 10.1109/TAES.2017.2760758[17] Liu Y Z and Xu X J. Antenna pattern compensation technique for near field MIMO radar imaging[C]. Proceedings of 2016 International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications, Cairns, Australia, 2016: 385–388. DOI: 10.1109/ICEAA.2016.7731406.[18] Liu Y Z and Xu X J. Azimuth sidelobe suppression technique for near-field MIMO radar imaging[C]. Proceedings of SPIE 9643, Image and Signal Processing for Remote Sensing XXI, Toulouse, France, 2015: 96431E. DOI: 10.1117/12.2194474.[19] Wang G Y, Xia X G, and Chen V C. Three-dimensional ISAR imaging of maneuvering targets using three receivers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2001, 10(3): 436–447. DOI: 10.1109/83.908519[20] Xu X J and Narayanan R M. Three-dimensional interferometric ISAR imaging for target scattering diagnosis and modeling[J]. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2001, 10(7): 1094–1102. DOI: 10.1109/83.931103[21] 肖志河, 戴朝明, 巢增明, 等. 旋转目标干涉逆合成孔径三维成像技术[J]. 电子学报, 1999, 27(12): 19–22. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:0372-2112.1999.12.006Xiao Zhi-he, Dai Chao-ming, Chao Zeng-ming, et al. INISAR 3-D imaging technique for rotating targets[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 1999, 27(12): 19–22. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:0372-2112.1999.12.006[22] Nico G, Leva D, Antonello A, et al. Ground-based SAR interferometry for terrain mapping: Theory and sensitivity analysis[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2004, 42(6): 1344–1350. DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2004.826556[23] 杨晓琳, 谭维贤, 乞耀龙, 等. 基于单特显点目标回波的阵列3D SAR幅相误差一致性校正方法研究[J]. 雷达学报, 2014, 3(4): 409–418. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1300.2014.14037Yang Xiao-lin, Tan Wei-xian, Qi Yao-long, et al. Amplitude and phase errors correction for array 3D SAR system based on single prominent point like target echo data[J]. Journal of Radars, 2014, 3(4): 409–418. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1300.2014.14037[24] 许小剑. 雷达目标散射特性测量与处理新技术[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2017: 286–299.Xu Xiao-jian. New Techniques for Radar Target Scattering Signature Measurement and Processing[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2017: 286–299. -
Proportional views
- Publishing Ethics
- Journal Insights
- Abstracting & Indexing
- Peer Review Policies
- Guide for Authors
- Conference
- ISSN 2095-283X (Print)ISSN 2097-339X (Online)
- CN 10-1030/TN
- CODEN LXEUAO
About Journal
- Sponsor: China Radio Detection and Ranging Industry Association (CRIA)
- Phone: 010-58887062
- Email：radars@aircas.ac.cn
- Publisher: Leida Xuebao Bianjibu (Editorial office of the Journal of Radars)
Contacts Us
京ICP备20021838号-8
Supported by: Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co. Ltd
Export File
Citation
Format
Content
DownLoad:
- Figure 1. MIMO array design
- Figure 2. Three-dimensional interferometric imaging geometry
- Figure 3. Procedure of scatterer altitude calculation
- Figure 4. Simulation results of MIMO radar 3D interferometric imaging for an aircraft model
- Figure 5. Photo of the experimental MIMO radar
- Figure 6. Practical measurement scene of metallic spheres for 3D interferometric imaging
- Figure 7. Experimental results of MIMO radar 3D interferometric imaging for metallic spheres
- Figure 8. Experimental results of MIMO radar 3D interferometric imaging for a full-scale aircraft model