地基差分干涉雷达发展现状及应用实例

曾涛; 邓云开; 胡程; 田卫明

doi:10.12000/JR18115

地基差分干涉雷达发展现状及应用实例

doi: 10.12000/JR18115

曾涛¹,
邓云开^1, ,,
胡程²,
田卫明²

①.
北京理工大学信息与电子学院雷达技术研究所北京 100081
②.
北京理工大学卫星导航电子信息技术教育部重点实验室北京 100081

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(61427802, 61601031)，国家杰出青年科学基金(61625103)，长江学者奖励计划(T2012122)

详细信息

作者简介:
邓云开(1992–)，男，河南人，北京理工大学博士研究生，主要研究方向为地基SAR高精度1维形变与3维形变实时测量算法。E-mail: yunkai_bit@foxmail.com

通讯作者:
邓云开 yunkai_bit@foxmail.com

中图分类号: TN95
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-12-17
- 修回日期: 2019-02-15
- 网络出版日期: 2019-02-28

Development State and Application Examples of Ground-based Differential Interferometric Radar

①.
Radar Research Lab, School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
②.
Key Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology in Satellite Navigation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61427802, 61601031), The National Science Fund for Distinguished Yong Scholars (61625103), The Foundation of Chang Jiang Scholars Programme (T2012122)

More Information

Corresponding author: DENG Yunkai, yunkai_bit@foxmail.com

摘要

摘要: 地基差分干涉雷达在形变监测领域已经得到了广泛的应用。该文首先概述了地基差分干涉雷达的主要类型，分为地基实孔径雷达和地基合成孔径雷达两类，并选择代表性系统介绍了工作原理及重要参数。然后以地基合成孔径雷达为例，介绍了现阶段差分干涉处理中的重要技术，包括差分干涉、PS点选择、大气相位补偿等。最后以3个应用实例，展现了地基差分干涉雷达，在露天开采边坡监测、山体滑坡监测和桥梁振动测量方面的应用。
- 地基雷达 /
- 差分干涉 /
- 形变测量 /
- 发展现状 /
- 应用实例
Abstract: Ground-Based Differential Interferometric Radars (GB-DInRads) have been widely applied to measure deformations. In this paper, the main types of GB-DInRads are summarized, including ground-based real aperture radar and Ground-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar (GB-SAR). The working principles and important parameters of some representative systems are introduced. Then, taking the GB-SAR as an example, the current key processing techniques are introduced, which mainly include differential interferometry, permanent scatterer selection, and atmospheric phase compensation. Lastly, three examples are presented to show the applications of GB-DInRad in deformation measurements. A Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) radar was utilized to monitor an open-pit mine for about 11 days, and two regions with obvious deformation were found. In addition, a linear-scanning GB-SAR was utilized to monitor a mountain slope after severe landslide. The analysis result proved that rainfall could accelerate deformation. The feasibility of vibration measurement with the MIMO radar was also discussed in this paper.
- Ground-based radar /
- Differential interferometry /
- Deformation measurement /
- Development state /
- Application examples

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图 1 典型地基RAR

Figure 1. Typical GB-RAR systems

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图 2 典型直线扫描地基SAR

Figure 2. Typical linear-scanning GB-SAR systems

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图 3 典型弧线扫描地基SAR

Figure 3. Typical arc-scanning GB-SAR systems

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图 4 典型MIMO地基SAR

Figure 4. Typical MIMO GB-SAR systems

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图 5 部分地基RAR

Figure 5. Some GB-RAR systems

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图 6 地基SAR差分干涉处理流程

Figure 6. Differential interferometric scheme of GB-SAR

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图 7 差分干涉原理示意图

Figure 7. Schematic diagram of differential interferometry

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图 8 典型PS点选择结果

Figure 8. Typical PS selection results

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图 9 相位解缠结果

Figure 9. Phase unwrapping results

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图 10 干涉相位图

Figure 10. Phase interferogram

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图 11 实验信息

Figure 11. Experimental information

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图 12 MIMO雷达图像与干涉相位图

Figure 12. MIMO radar image and phase interferogram

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图 13 形变测量结果

Figure 13. Deformation measurement results

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图 14 形变分析结果

Figure 14. Deformation analysis results

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图 15 纳雍滑坡灾后现场监测照片

Figure 15. On-site monitoring photo after the Nayong landslide

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图 16 累积形变测量结果

Figure 16. Cumulative deformation measurements

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图 17 形变分析结果

Figure 17. Deformation analysis results

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图 18 实验信息

Figure 18. Experimental information

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图 19 振动分析结果

Figure 19. Vibration analysis results

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图 20 实验信息

Figure 20. Experimental information

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图 21 实验分析结果

Figure 21. Experimental analysis results

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表 1 直线扫描地基SAR参数表

Table 1. Parameters of linear-scanning GB-SAR

研究机构/公司	系统	波段	测量周期	空间分辨率(1 km处)	最远探测距离(km)
IDS公司 (意大利)	IBIS-FM	Ku	约3 min	0.5 m×4.4 m	4.5
JRC组织 (欧盟)	LiSA	Ku	约12 min	0.5 m×3.0 m	3
MetaSensing公司(荷兰)	FastGBSAR-S	Ku	10 s	0.5 m×4.8 m	4
UPC大学 (西班牙)	RiskSAR	X	约20 min	1.5 m×7.7 m	10
安科院 (中国)	S-SAR	Ku	<10 min	0.5 m×3.0 m	5
理工雷科公司 (中国)	边坡雷达	Ku	3～10 min	0.3 m×4.0 m	5
方向图公司 (中国)	LSA	Ku	4～10 min	0.2 m×5.4 m	5

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表 2 MIMO雷达参数表

Table 2. Parameters of the MIMO radar system

参数	数值	参数	数值
载频	16.2 GHz	发射信号时宽	0.1～0.5 ms
发射天线	16	发射信号带宽	400 MHz/1 GHz
接收天线	16	发射信号采样率	12.5 MHz/25.0 MHz
合成孔径长度	1.138 m	合成孔径采样点	256

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表 3 振动测量结果

Table 3. Vibrating measurement results

组号	振幅设定值(μm)	频率设定值(Hz)	频率测量值(Hz)	测量误差(Hz)	偏差比(%)
1	260	10	10.13	0.13	1.3
2	500	10	10.35	0.35	3.5
3	750	10	10.22	0.22	2.2
4	510	15	15.08	0.08	0.6
5	500	20	20.06	0.06	0.3
6	750	10	10.41	0.41	4.1
7	750	10	10.07	0.07	0.7

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