基于多帧超分辨率的方位向多通道星载SAR非均匀采样信号重建方法

赵庆超; 张毅; 王宇; 王伟; 王翔宇

doi:10.12000/JR17035

基于多帧超分辨率的方位向多通道星载SAR非均匀采样信号重建方法

doi: 10.12000/JR17035

赵庆超^1,2, ,,
张毅^1,,
王宇^1,2,,
王伟^1,,
王翔宇^1,2,

①.
中国科学院电子学研究所北京 100190
②.
中国科学院大学北京 100039

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金（61422113），国家万人计划-青年拔尖人才，中科院百人计划，L波段差分干涉SAR项目

详细信息

作者简介:
赵庆超(1987–)，男，山东人，中国科学院电子学研究所电子与通信工程专业硕士研究生，研究方向为多通道星载SAR信号处理。E-mail: zqc_nudt@163.com

张　毅(1971–)，男，上海人，现为中国科学院电子学研究所研究员，硕士生导师，研究方向为高速数字信号处理、合成孔径雷达信号处理新技术研究、合成孔径雷达系统设计等。E-mail: zhangyi@mail.ie.ac.cn

王　宇(1980–)，男，河南人，现为中国科学院电子学研究所研究员，博士生导师，研究方向为SAR系统设计与信号处理技术。E-mail: yuwang@mail.ie.ac.cn

王　伟(1985–)，男，河北人，毕业于中国科学院电子学研究所，获得博士学位，现为中国科学院电子学研究所助理研究员，研究方向为新体制星载SAR系统设计和信号处理。E-mail: ww_nudt@sina.com

王翔宇(1990–)，男，天津人，中国科学院电子学研究所通信与信息系统专业博士研究生，研究方向为高分宽测模式信号处理技术。E-mail: wangxiangyu13@mails.ucas.ac.cn

通讯作者:
赵庆超 zqc_nudt@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-03-30
- 修回日期: 2017-07-19
- 网络出版日期: 2017-08-28

Signal Reconstruction Approach for Multichannel SAR in Azimuth Based on Multiframe Super resolution

Zhao Qingchao^{1,2
, ,},
Zhang Yi^1
,,
Wang Robert^{1,2
,},
Wang Wei^1
,,
Wang Xiangyu^{1,2
,}

①.
Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
②.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61422113), The National Ten Thousand Talent Program-Young Top Notch Talent Program, The Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, The TWIn-L SAR (Terrain Wide-swath Interferometry L-band SAR) Program

摘要

摘要: 方位向多通道技术是星载合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR)同时实现高分辨率宽测绘带成像的有效手段，对于方位向多通道星载SAR系统，当脉冲重复频率(Pulse Repetition Frequency, PRF)不满足均匀采样条件时方位向信号被非均匀采样，成像前需进行均匀化重建。该文创新性地提出以数字图像处理(Digital Image Processing, DIP)领域多帧超分辨率的思路解决方位向多通道星载SAR非均匀采样信号重建问题，并总结给出了多帧超分辨处理的一般方法。仿真与实测数据实验验证了方法的有效性，且在复杂度性能上具有一定优势。该文第1次建立了方位向多通道星载SAR非均匀采样信号重建与多帧超分辨率问题的联系，为这一信号重建问题的解决提供一种新的思路。
- 合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar, SAR) /
- 方位向多通道 /
- 高分辨率宽测绘带 /
- 脉冲重复频率(Pulse Repetition Frequency, PRF) /
- 非均匀采样 /
- 多帧超分辨率
Abstract: To achieve high-resolution wide-swath imaging, the use of multichannel techniques in azimuth is effective for spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). For azimuth multichannel systems, the signal in azimuth is nonuniformly sampled if the uniform sampling condition related to Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) is not satisfied, which makes it important to reconstruct the azimuth signal prior to image formation. In this study, to solve the azimuth signal reconstruction problem in multichannel SAR, we propose the innovative use of a multiframe super-resolution method in Digital Image Processing (DIP) and summarize the general multiframe super-resolution process. Our simulation results and real data experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, which demonstrates some advantages in complexity performance. By establishing linkages between the problem of signal reconstruction of nonuniformly sampled signals and the multiframe super-resolution concept, we provide a new approach to this traditional signal reconstruction problem.
- Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) /
- Azimuth multichannel /
- High resolution wide swath /
- Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) /
- Nonuniform sampling /
- Multiframe super-resolution

HTML全文

图 1 单帧及多帧超分辨率模型

Figure 1. Model for single image and multiframe super resolution

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图 2 方位向三通道系统模型与收发几何

Figure 2. Model and geometry for azimuth 3 channels system

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图 3 方位向三通道系统采样场景

Figure 3. The sampling scenario of anazimuth 3 channels system

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图 4 多帧超分辨率与多通道SAR信号重建对比

Figure 4. Comparison of multiframe super resolution and signal reconstruction of multichannel SAR system

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图 5 仅考虑几何变换的图像退化模型

Figure 5. Image degradation model with only geometric transformation considered

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图 6 图像(信号)退化模型求逆

Figure 6. Inverse of image (signal) degradation model

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图 7 多帧超分辨处理的一般流程

Figure 7. General process for multiframe super-resolution

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图 8 PRF满足均匀采样条件时仿真结果

Figure 8. Simulation results for the uniform sampling situation

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图 9 PRF不满足均匀采样条件时仿真结果

Figure 9. Simulation results for the nonuniform sampling situation

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图 10 非均匀采样重建后仿真结果

Figure 10. Simulation results for the nonuniform sampling situation after reconstruction

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图 11 方位向压缩结果局部放大

Figure 11. Partial enlarged drawing of the compression result in azimuth

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图 12 实验用数据获取方法

Figure 12. Acquisition method of the data for experiments

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图 13 通道1及两通道不做重建成像结果

Figure 13. The images obtained from the first channel and the unreconstructed nonuniform data

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图 14 信号均匀化重建后成像结果

Figure 14. The images obtained after signal reconstruction

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图 15 实测数据点目标方位向切片

Figure 15. Zoomed azimuth cut of the point target in the image with both methods

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图 16 滤波器组方法的处理流程

Figure 16. The realization of filter group method

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表 1 方位向多通道星载SAR系统参数

Table 1. The parameters for a spaceborne azimuth multichannel system

系统参数	数值
载波波长(m)	0.0311
方位向通道数	4
理想脉冲重复频率(Hz)	1247
载荷飞行速度(m/s)	7483
方位向子孔径间距(m)	3
多普勒带宽(Hz)	4000

下载: 导出CSV

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