雷达变脉宽脉冲串与接收失配滤波协同设计方法

张逸康; 叶宏宇; 吴文昊; 吴嗣亮

doi:10.12000/JR25094

雷达变脉宽脉冲串与接收失配滤波协同设计方法

DOI: 10.12000/JR25094 CSTR: 32380.14.JR25094

北京理工大学信息与电子学院北京 100081

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金 (62201050)

详细信息

作者简介:
张逸康，硕士生，主要研究方向为雷达波型设计和信号处理

叶宏宇，博士生，主要研究方向为雷达波型设计和信号处理

吴文昊，博士，教授，主要研究方向为雷达信号处理和无线通信系统

吴嗣亮，博士，教授，主要研究方向为雷达、航天测控通信和卫星导航定位

通讯作者:
吴文昊 wenhao_wu@bit.edu.cn

责任主编：张磊 Corresponding Editor: ZHANG Lei
中图分类号: TN951
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-05-20
- 修回日期: 2025-07-28
- 网络出版日期: 2025-08-28

Joint Design of Variable-pulse-width Radar Pulse Trains and Receive Mismatched Filtering

School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62201050)

More Information

Corresponding author: WU Wenhao, wenhao_wu@bit.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 低副瓣特性的波形是保证雷达基本探测性能的基础，设计具有距离、速度一维或二维低副瓣特性的波形是雷达领域的一个重要问题。针对相干脉冲串的速度维副瓣抑制问题，该文提出了一种变脉宽脉冲串与接收失配滤波协同设计方法。该方法利用正值、对称窗函数直接构造脉冲宽度序列和接收端加权序列，可将窗函数幅度谱的低副瓣和3 dB主瓣展宽特性转化为相干脉冲串接收失配滤波输出的特性。理论分析表明，相比单纯用窗函数作接收端失配加权，这种发射信号变脉宽结合接收端失配加权的方法具有更小的失配信噪比损失。文中仿真分析了不同窗函数和最小脉宽约束对信噪比损失的影响和强目标干扰下的弱目标检测性能，验证了所提收发协同设计方法的优点。
- 雷达波形分集 /
- 波形设计 /
- 窗函数 /
- 脉冲宽度 /
- 失配滤波
Abstract: Low-sidelobe waveforms are fundamental for ensuring the basic detection performance of radars. Designing waveforms with low sidelobes in the range dimension, the velocity dimension, or both, remains a major challenge in radar research. To address the issue of sidelobe suppression in the velocity dimension for coherent pulse trains, this paper proposes a joint design method of variable-pulse-width pulse trains and receive mismatched filtering. The proposed method uses a symmetric positive window function to directly construct both the pulse width sequence and the receive weighting sequence. As a result, the characteristics of the window function’s amplitude spectrum, including low sidelobes and the broadening of the 3-dB mainlobe, are transferred into the mismatched filtering output of the coherent pulse train. Theoretical analysis shows that the proposed method incurs a smaller mismatched Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) loss than when the window function is applied solely for receive mismatched filtering. The effects of window functions and the minimum pulse-width constraint on SNR loss and weak target detection performance under strong target interference are analyzed through simulations, illustrating the advantages of the proposed joint transceiver design method.
- Radar waveform diversity /
- Waveform design /
- Window function /
- Pulse width /
- Mismatched filtering

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图 1 利用Gauss窗所得协同设计结果的性能

Figure 1. Performance of joint design results obtained with Gauss window

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图 2 利用Kaiser窗所得协同设计结果的性能

Figure 2. Performance of joint design results obtained with Kaiser window

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图 3 利用Chebyshev窗所得协同设计结果的性能

Figure 3. Performance of joint design result obtained with Chebyshev window

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图 4 相参处理输出结果

Figure 4. Coherent processing output results

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图 5 强目标干扰下的弱目标检测性能

Figure 5. Weak target detection performance under strong target interference

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图 6 强目标干扰下的弱目标检测概率与其径向速度之间的关系

Figure 6. Weak target detection performance versus its radial velocity under strong target interference

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图 7 等带宽线性调频脉冲串的相参处理结果

Figure 7. Coherent processing results of equal bandwidth linear frequency modulation pulse trains

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表 1 脉冲串基本参数

Table 1. Parameters of pulse trains

参数	取值
载频${f_{\rm C}}$	3 GHz
脉冲间隔${T_{{\mathrm{R}}}}$	10 μs
脉冲数N	1024
最大脉宽$ {T_{\max }} $	1 μs

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表 2 强弱混合多目标场景中的目标参数

Table 2. Target parameters in scene with mixed strong and weak targets

目标序号	径向速度(m/s)	快时间匹配滤波输入信噪比(dB)
1	–216	10
2	–188	–5
3	–132	25
4	–79	0
5	–16	20
6	36	–10
7	84	10
8	136	15
9	192	–10
10	224	15

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