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Study of Effect of Raw Data Compression on Azimuth Multi-channel SAR System
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摘要: 方位向多通道是实现星载SAR高分辨率宽测绘带成像的重要技术手段，随着分辨率和幅宽的提升，SAR系统的回波数据量也会急剧增加。然而星上存储空间和数传带宽有限，通常采用数据压缩技术降低回波的数据量。为研究数据压缩对方位向多通道SAR系统的影响，该文建立了多通道数据压缩的信号模型，推导并分析了数据压缩对多通道信噪比尺度因子和量化噪声的影响，最后通过仿真和实测数据验证了该文提出的模型与分析结果的正确性，并讨论了数据压缩对多通道虚假目标强度比的影响。该文的研究结果可为多通道SAR系统的原始数据压缩方式选择提供依据。Abstract: An effective way to achieve High Resolution and Wide Swath (HRWS) imaging capability is the multi-channel technique in azimuth. Improved resolution and swath can dramatically increase the volume of echo data in the SAR system. However, the onboard data storage and data-transmission bandwidth are limited, so data compression technique is typically used to reduce the volume of echo data. To study the effect of raw data compression on the azimuth multi-channel SAR system, in this paper, we establish a multi-channel SAR signal model based on data compression. We then derive and analyze the effects of data compression on the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) scaling factor of the multi-channel SAR system and quantization noise. Finally, we verify the validity of the proposed model and analysis results using simulation and real data and discuss the effect of data compression on the Peek-to-Ghost Ratio (PGR). The results of this paper provide an important theoretical basis for the choice of compression method in the multi-channel SAR system.
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图 5 加入不同热噪声的信噪比尺度因子随量化比特数的变化曲线
Figure 5. SNR scaling factor of adding different thermal noise over quantization bits
图 6 不同非均匀因子的数据域量化信噪比随量化比特数的变化曲线
Figure 6. Signal to quantization noise ratio of different non-uniform factors over quantization bits in data domain
图 7 不同非均匀因子的虚假目标强度比随量化比特数的变化曲线
Figure 7. Peek-to-ghost-ratio of different non-uniform factors over quantization bits
图 10 数据域量化信噪比随量化比特数的变化曲线
Figure 10. The signal to Quantization Noise Ratio over quantization bits in data domain
图 11 数据域平均相位误差随量化比特数的变化曲线
Figure 11. Mean phase error over quantization bits in data domain
图 12 图像域量化信噪比随量化比特数的变化曲线
Figure 12. Signal to quantization noise ratio over quantization bits in image domain
图 13 图像域平均相位误差随量化比特数的变化曲线
Figure 13. Mean phase error over quantization bits in image domain
表 1 多通道SAR系统的主要仿真参数
Table 1. Main simulation parameters of multi-channel SAR system
参数 数值 载频(GHz) 9.65 非均匀因子 0～0.7 速度(m/s) 7609.4 接收天线长度(Rx) (m) 4.78 子孔径数 2 发射天线长度(Tx) (m) 2.39 
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表 2 多通道SAR系统的主要系统参数
Table 2. Main parameters of multi-channel SAR system
参数 数值 载频(GHz) 5.4 PRF(Hz) 1800 速度(m/s) 137.7 接收天线长度(Rx) (m) 0.624 子孔径数 4 发射天线长度(Tx) (m) 0.156
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