基于太赫兹ViSAR的无源干扰物成像

范磊; 杨琪; 王宏强; 易俊

doi:10.12000/JR24174

基于太赫兹ViSAR的无源干扰物成像

DOI: 10.12000/JR24174

国防科技大学电子科学学院长沙 410073

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(62201591,62035014)，湖南省科技创新计划项目(2024RC3143)

详细信息

作者简介:
范　磊，博士生，主要研究方向为太赫兹雷达系统、太赫兹视频合成孔径雷达成像、动目标指示与精细化成像等

杨　琪，副教授，博士，主要研究方向为太赫兹雷达系统、空间目标逆合成孔径雷达成像

王宏强，研究员，博士，主要研究方向为太赫兹雷达、新体制雷达信号处理、雷达目标识别技术

易　俊，讲师，博士，主要研究方向为太赫兹雷达系统与高灵敏度检测

通讯作者:
王宏强 wanghongqiang@nudt.edu.cn

责任主编：丁金闪 Corresponding Editor: DING Jinshan
中图分类号: TN957.91
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-08-31
- 修回日期: 2024-10-15

Terahertz-ViSAR-Based Imaging of Passive Jamming Objects

College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62201591,62035014), Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (2024RC3143)

More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Hongqiang, wanghongqiang@nudt.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 无源干扰物的成像一直是雷达成像/对抗研究中的热点问题，直接影响着雷达目标检测和识别性能。然而，在微波频段下，为达到期望的方位分辨率，通常需要较长的驻留时间来形成单幅图像，这使得无源干扰物难以通过成像直接区分，并缺乏时间维的分辨能力。相比之下，太赫兹频段成像系统在实现相同方位分辨率时所需的合成孔径更短，从而更容易获得低延迟、高分辨、高帧率的成像结果。因此，太赫兹雷达在视频合成孔径雷达(ViSAR)技术中具有重要潜力。首先，对机载太赫兹ViSAR的孔径划分及其成像系统指标进行简要分析。随后，静止无源干扰物以角反阵和伪装网为例，探索它们运动补偿前后的成像结果及成像特性，并首次实验验证了具有上下起伏网格结构的伪装网在太赫兹频段将表现出粗糙特性，展现出该频段下特殊的目标特性。接下来，运动无源干扰物以旋转角反为例，分析了旋转角反成像所形成的压制性成像干扰。考虑到静止场景在相邻子孔径下类似，在完成帧间成像结果图像和幅度校准后，可直接在图像域内基于非相干相减实现旋转角反检测，从而提取感兴趣信号并实施非参数化补偿。目前关于太赫兹频段下对无源干扰物的外场成像实验验证甚少。本研究开展了太赫兹频段公里级机载外场试验，有效验证了太赫兹ViSAR具备对无源干扰物良好的高分辨与高帧率成像能力。
- 太赫兹ViSAR /
- 无源干扰物 /
- 微动目标成像 /
- 非参数化补偿 /
- 机载试验探索
Abstract: Imaging of passive jamming objects has been a hot topic in radar imaging and countermeasures research, which directly affects the detection and recognition capabilities of radar targets. In the microwave band, the long dwell time required to generate a single image with desired azimuthal resolution makes it difficult to directly distinguish passive jamming objects based on imaging results. In addition, there is a lack of time-dimensional resolution. In comparison, terahertz imaging systems require a shorter synthetic aperture to achieve the same azimuthal resolution, making it easier to obtain low-latency, high-resolution, and high-frame-rate imaging results. Hence, terahertz radar has considerable potential in video synthetic aperture radar (ViSAR) technology. First, the aperture division and imaging resolutions of airborne terahertz ViSAR are briefly analyzed. Subsequently, imaging results and characteristics of stationary passive jamming objects, such as corner reflector arrays and camouflage mats, are explored before and after motion compensation. Further, the phenomenon that camouflage mats with fluctuating grids exhibit roughness in the terahertz band is demonstrated, exhibiting the special scattering characteristics of the terahertz band. Next, considering rotating corner reflectors as an example of moving passive jamming objects, their characteristics regarding suppressive interference are analyzed. Considering that stationary scenes feature similarity under adjacent apertures, rotating corner reflectors can be directly detected by incoherent image subtraction after inter-frame image and amplitude registrations, followed by the extraction of signals of interest and non-parametrical compensation. Currently, few field experiments regarding the imaging of passive jamming objects using terahertz ViSAR are being reported. Airborne field experiments have been performed to effectively demonstrate the high-resolution and high-frame-rate imaging capabilities of terahertz ViSAR
- Terahertz Video Synthetic Aperture Radar (ViSAR) /
- Passive jamming objects /
- Micro-motion target imaging /
- Non-parametrical compensation /
- Airborne experiments exploration

HTML全文

图 1 条带 ViSAR成像场景示意图

Figure 1. Diagram of stripmap ViSAR imaging

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 两种孔径划分方式示意图

Figure 2. Diagram of two ways of aperture division

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图 3 整体处理框架

Figure 3. Overall processing framework

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图 4 基于相邻帧间图像的旋转角反检测

Figure 4. Detection of rotating reflectors based on adjacent frames

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图 5 太赫兹条带 ViSAR实验场景示意图

Figure 5. Diagram of airborne experiments regarding stripmap terahertz ViSAR

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图 6 机场场景下 3组实验目标的光学照片

Figure 6. Optical photos of three experimental targets in the airport

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图 7 实际机载飞行状态

Figure 7. Practical airborne flying status

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图 8 角反阵与伪装网的运动补偿前后的 3帧成像结果

Figure 8. Imaging results of corner reflector array and camouflage mat

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图 9 角反阵运动补偿前后结果对比

Figure 9. Local zoom-in images and contour plots of corner reflector array before and after MOCO

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图 10 距离与方位剖面图

Figure 10. Range and azimuth profiles

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图 11 伪装网在运动补偿前后的局部图以及 2.5D重构图

Figure 11. Zoom-in images of camouflage mat before and after MOCO

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 关于旋转角反的连续三帧整体成像结果

Figure 12. Three consecutive frames of scene containing rotating reflector

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图 13 旋转角反的三帧局部放大图

Figure 13. Local zoom-in images of rotating reflectors under three frames

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图 14 帧 #2 下两个旋转角反的感兴趣信号原始相位与解缠相位

Figure 14. Raw phases and unwrapped phases of signals of interests from two corner reflectors under Frame #2

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图 15 三帧下重构的旋转角反

Figure 15. Reconstructed rotating corner reflectors under three frames

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图 16 补偿后旋转角反的距离与方位剖面图

Figure 16. Range and azimuth profiles of the rotating corner reflector after compensation.

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图 17 旋转角反成像补偿前后的时频图

Figure 17. Time-frequency images of rotating corner reflectors before and after compensation

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表 1 太赫兹 ViSAR系统参数

Table 1. Terahertz ViSAR system parameters

系统指标	数值
飞机型号	Cessna 208B
雷达载频	216 GHz
信号带宽	900 MHz
地距/方位分辨率	0.18 m/0.17 m
工作模式	条带模式
飞行速度	219.6 km/h
飞行高度	1.34 km
地面海拔	0.34 km
下视角	71.8°
脉冲重复频率	16 kHz
合成孔径时间	0.2 s
方位波束宽度	0.745°
成像帧率	5 Hz
极化方式	VV极化

下载: 导出CSV

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