时域数字编码超表面电磁散射频谱特征调控机理

许恒; 许红; 全英汇; 傅昊升; 潘秦; 陈展野; 周小阳

doi:10.12000/JR26001

时域数字编码超表面电磁散射频谱特征调控机理

DOI: 10.12000/JR26001 CSTR: 32380.14.JR26001

许恒^{1, 2},
许红^{1, 3, ,},
全英汇^{1, 2, ,},
傅昊升³,
潘秦^{1, 2},
陈展野^{4, 5},
周小阳^{4, 5}

1.
西安电子科技大学信息力学与感知工程学院西安 710071
2.
西安市先进遥感重点实验室西安 710071
3.
西安电子科技大学杭州研究院杭州 311200
4.
东南大学毫米波全国重点实验室南京 210096
5.
东南大学电磁空间科学与技术研究院南京 210096

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金重点项目(62331019)

详细信息

作者简介:
许　恒，博士生，主要研究方向为电磁特征调控

许　红，副教授，主要研究方向为电磁特征调控

全英汇，教授，主要研究方向为智能感知和敏捷雷达

傅昊升，博士，主要研究方向为信息超表面设计与雷达成像

潘　秦，博士生，主要研究方向为电磁特征调控

陈展野，副教授，主要研究方向为新型电磁调控系统信息处理

周小阳，教授，主要研究方向为超大规模复杂电磁仿真计算

通讯作者:
许红 xuhong@xidian.edu.cn

全英汇 yhquan@mail.xidian.edu.cn

责任主编：程强 Corresponding Editor: CHENG Qiang

中图分类号: TN957.52
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-01-04

Spectral Control Mechanisms of Electromagnetic Scattering via Time-Domain Digital Coding Metasurfaces

XU Heng^{1, 2},
XU Hong^{1, 3
, ,},
QUAN Yinghui^{1, 2
, ,},
FU Haosheng³,
PAN Qin^{1, 2},
CHEN Zhanye^{4, 5},
ZHOU Xiaoyang^{4, 5}

1.
School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China
2.
Xi’an Key Laboratory of Advanced Remote Sensing, Xi’an 710071, China
3.
Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University., Hangzhou 311200, China
4.
State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
5.
Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62331019)

More Information

Corresponding author: XU Hong xuhong@xidian.edu.cn; QUAN Yinghui, yhquan@mail.xidian.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 时域数字编码超表面通过对单元散射状态进行时域编码调制，可实现电磁散射频谱重构。该文研究有限时窗离散编码条件下随机和周期两类典型调制方式的散射频谱特性。对于随机调制，推导了平均能量谱相干项与背景项分解的解析形式，阐明了编码统计矩对零频分量抑制与谱展宽的影响。对于周期调制，给出了调制模板傅里叶系数与各阶谐波能量分配之间的映射关系，揭示了谐波能量重构机理。进一步结合超表面单元全波仿真参数，讨论了非理想条件下散射频谱调控性能的变化。
- 时域数字编码超表面 /
- 频谱特征调控 /
- 随机调制 /
- 周期调制 /
- 电磁散射
Abstract: Time-domain digital coding metasurfaces can reconstruct electromagnetic scattering spectra by temporally modulating the scattering states of constituent elements. This study investigates the scattering-spectrum characteristics of two typical modulation schemes, namely random modulation and periodic modulation, under finite-window discrete coding conditions. For random modulation, an analytical decomposition of the average energy spectrum into coherent and background terms is derived, and the effects of the statistical moments of the coding sequence on zero-frequency suppression and spectral spreading are clarified. For periodic modulation, the mapping between the Fourier coefficients of the modulation template and the energy allocation among harmonic orders is established, revealing the mechanism of harmonic energy reconstruction. Furthermore, incorporating full-wave simulated unit parameters enables analysis of performance variations in scattering-spectrum control under nonideal conditions.
- Time-domain digital coding metasurfaces /
- Spectral characteristic control /
- Random modulation /
- Periodic modulation /
- Electromagnetic scattering

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图 1 随机调制平均能量谱的相干项与背景项转化示意图

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of the coherent and background components in the average energy spectrum under random modulation

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图 2 周期调制频谱层次结构示意图

Figure 2. Schematic illustration of the hierarchical spectral structure under periodic modulation

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图 3 1-bit随机幅度调制和1-bit随机相位调制下调制函数平均能量谱

Figure 3. Average energy spectrum of the modulation function under 1-bit random amplitude modulation and 1-bit random phase modulation

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图 4 1-bit和2-bit随机幅度调制下调制函数平均能量谱

Figure 4. Average energy spectrum of the modulation function under 1-bit and 2-bit random amplitude modulation

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图 5 1-bit和2-bit周期调制下调制函数平均能量谱

Figure 5. Average energy spectrum of the modulation function under 1-bit and 2-bit periodic modulation

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图 6 1-bit非理想随机相位调制下的平均能量谱分解

Figure 6. Decomposition of the average energy spectrum under 1-bit nonideal random phase modulation

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图 7 2-bit非理想周期相位调制下的平均谱能量分解

Figure 7. Comparison of simulated and theoretical average spectral energy under 2-bit nonideal periodic phase modulation

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图 8 超表面单元结构及等效电路图

Figure 8. Structure and equivalent circuit of the 1-bit phase-modulated metasurface unit

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图 9 超表面单元状态参数

Figure 9. State parameters of the metasurface unit

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图 10 基于全波参数的散射频谱调控性能

Figure 10. Scattering-spectrum control performance based on full-wave parameters

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