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Full-pulse Multi-jammer Cooperative Jamming Method for Active-passive Radar Composite Detection
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摘要: 在日益复杂的电磁环境中，主被动雷达复合探测以其良好的优势互补性，已成为提升雷达作战能力和抗干扰能力的重要工作模式。传统的单一压制或欺骗类干扰方法仅对雷达主动或被动模式产生有效干扰，难以对主被动雷达复合探测产生良好的干扰效果。为了能够提高对主被动雷达复合探测的干扰能力，该文提出一种面向主被动雷达复合探测的全脉冲多机协同干扰方法，通过对雷达主动模式下目标的恒虚警率(CFAR)检测原理分析，利用雷达检测概率与信噪比的相关性，调整多假目标的功率序列及位置间距分布，构建全脉冲时域赋形隐蔽干扰模型，实现对雷达主动模式的有效压制；同时，通过对雷达被动模式的测向原理分析，提出一种基于多部干扰机的协同干扰策略，动态调整干扰机的发射功率，在多部干扰机间产生多个随机的欺骗角度，实现雷达被动模式的多角度欺骗效果；最后，通过上述两种策略的有机结合构建全脉冲多机协同干扰方法，实现对主被动雷达复合探测的有效干扰。实验结果表明，与传统单一压制或欺骗类干扰方法相比，该文所提全脉冲多机协同干扰方法能够有效提高雷达CFAR检测门限，降低雷达在主动模式下的检测概率；同时，在干扰机附近区域产生每一帧都不同的虚假角度，扩大角度欺骗范围，综合提升对主被动雷达复合探测的干扰性能。Abstract: In an increasingly complex electromagnetic environment, the composite detection of active-passive radar, with its excellent complementary advantages, has become an important working mode for enhancing the combat capability and anti-interference capability of radars. The traditional single suppression or deception jamming method can only produce effective jamming in active or passive radar mode, and a good jamming effect is difficult to produce on the composite detection of active-passive radar. In order to improve the jamming ability of active-passive radar composite detection, this paper proposes a full-pulse multi-jammer cooperative jamming method for active-passive radar composite detection. By analyzing the principle of Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) detection in radar active mode, the power series and position spacing distribution of multiple false targets is adjusted through the correlation between radar detection probability and signal-to-noise ratio, and the full-pulse time-domain rendering covert jamming model is constructed to effectively suppress the radar active mode. At the same time, by analyzing the principle of angle direction finding in radar passive mode, a cooperative jamming strategy based on multiple jammers is proposed, which dynamically adjusts the transmitting power of jammers and generates multiple random deception angles among the jammers to realize the multi-angle deception effect in radar passive mode. Finally, through the organic combination of the aforementioned two strategies, a full-pulse multi-jammer cooperative jamming method is constructed to achieve effective jamming in active-passive radar composite detection. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional single suppression or deception jamming methods, the proposed full-pulse multi-jammer cooperative jamming method can effectively increase the detection threshold of radar CFAR and, reduce the detection probability in the radar active mode. At the same time, different false angles are generated in each frame near the jammer to expand the range of angle deception, to comprehensively improve the jamming performance of active-passive radar composite detection.
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图 4 全脉冲多机协同干扰示意图
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of full-pulse multi-jammer cooperative jamming
图 7 雷达检测概率和信噪比之间的关系
Figure 7. Relationship between radar detection probability and signal-to-noise ratio
图 8 全脉冲时域赋形隐蔽干扰假目标个数分析
Figure 8. Analysis of the number of false targets in full-pulse time-domain shaping stealth jamming
图 13 有无施加全脉冲时域赋形隐蔽干扰的CFAR检测结果
Figure 13. CFAR detection results with and without full-pulse time-domain shaping stealth jamming
图 14 施加全脉冲时域赋形隐蔽干扰后雷达主、被动模式的检测结果
Figure 14. Detection results of radar active and passive modes after applying full-pulse time-domain shaping stealth jamming
图 15 施加角度欺骗干扰后的检测结果
Figure 15. Detection results after applying angle deception jamming
图 16 施加全脉冲多机协同干扰后的检测结果
Figure 16. Detection results after applying full-pulse multi-jammer cooperative jamming
图 17 不同干扰方式下真实目标检测概率随距离变化曲线
Figure 17. Curve of real target detection probability with distance under different jamming modes
图 21 3部干扰机下不同幅度比的雷达波束指向误差角
Figure 21. Radar beam pointing error angle of different amplitude ratio under three jammers
表 1 主被动雷达参数
Table 1. Parameters of active-passive radars
参数 数值 参数 数值 发射功率$ {P_{\mathrm{t}}} $ 6 MW 信号重复周期$ {T_{\mathrm{r}}} $ 3 ms 发射增益$ {G_{\mathrm{t}}} $ 41 dB 信号脉宽$ {T_{\rm p}} $ 50 μs 载频$ {F_{\mathrm{c}}} $ 3.3 GHz 噪声系数F 3 dB 波束宽度 1.7° 噪声温度T 500 K 信号带宽B 10 MHz 虚警率$ {P_{{\mathrm{fa}}}} $ 1×10–5 信号采样率$ {F_{\mathrm{s}}} $ 20 MHz 参考单元长度N 10 
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表 2 干扰机参数
Table 2. Parameters of the jammers
参数 数值 参数 数值 干扰机发射功率$ {P_{\mathrm{J}}} $ 10 W 干扰机截面积$ \sigma $ 1 m2 载频$ {F_{\mathrm{c}}} $ 3.3 GHz 天线增益 10 dB
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表 3 不同幅度比下欺骗角度的均值
Table 3. Mean values of deception angles under different amplitude ratios
夹角(°) 幅度比 0 1 20 50 0.5 –0.23 0 0.21 0.22 1.0 –0.49 0 0.42 0.48 1.5 –0.75 0 0.67 0.74
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表 4 不同幅度比下欺骗角度的标准差
Table 4. Standard deviations of deception angles under different amplitude ratios
夹角(°) 幅度比 0 1 20 50 0.5 0.012 0.013 0.014 0.016 1.0 0.013 0.014 0.015 0.016 1.5 0.013 0.017 0.019 0.020
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