LT-1A卫星全极化SAR辐射与极化系统误差稳定性分析:以热带雨林场景为例

史磊 孙维东 杨乐 杨杰 赵伶俐 李平湘 刘亚波

史磊, 孙维东, 杨乐, 等. LT-1A卫星全极化SAR辐射与极化系统误差稳定性分析:以热带雨林场景为例[J]. 雷达学报(中英文), 待出版. doi: 10.12000/JR24102
引用本文: 史磊, 孙维东, 杨乐, 等. LT-1A卫星全极化SAR辐射与极化系统误差稳定性分析:以热带雨林场景为例[J]. 雷达学报(中英文), 待出版. doi: 10.12000/JR24102
SHI Lei, SUN Weidong, YANG Le, et al. Evaluation of radiometric and polarimetric errors in the LT-1A satellite data based on tropical forests in the amazon[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR24102
Citation: SHI Lei, SUN Weidong, YANG Le, et al. Evaluation of radiometric and polarimetric errors in the LT-1A satellite data based on tropical forests in the amazon[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR24102

LT-1A卫星全极化SAR辐射与极化系统误差稳定性分析:以热带雨林场景为例

DOI: 10.12000/JR24102
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(U22A2010, 42071295, 61971318, 42171442, U2033216),深圳科技创新重点项目(JCYJ20200109150833977),自然资源部国土卫星遥感应用重点实验室经费资助(KLSMNR-202110),国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3903605),中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助,资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室开放基金
详细信息
    作者简介:

    史 磊,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为合成孔径雷达定标及信息智能提取

    孙维东,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向为极化雷达影像分类、灾害监测和评估

    杨 乐,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为极化雷达影像定标

    杨 杰,博士,教授,主要研究方向为极化SAR图像解译

    赵伶俐,博士,副教授,主要研究方向为极化雷达影像滤波、农业监测

    李平湘,博士,教授,主要研究方向为摄影测量与遥感、遥感图像处理等

    刘亚波,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向为微波成像理论、雷达目标识别

    通讯作者:

    孙维东 widensun2012@whu.edu.cn

  • 责任主编:陈思伟 Corresponding Editor: CHEN Siwei
  • 中图分类号: TN957.51

Evaluation of Radiometric and Polarimetric Errors in the LT-1A Satellite Data Based on Tropical Forests in the Amazon

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (U22A2010, 42071295, 61971318, 42171442, U2033216), The Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program (JCYJ20200109150833977), The Key Laboratory of Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the People Republic of China (KLSMNR-202110), The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB3903605), The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, and a Grant from the State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System
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  • 摘要: 作为中国新一代天基长波SAR的代表,陆地探测1号01卫星(LT-1A)于2022年1月发射进入太阳同步轨道。LT-1A搭载的长波合成孔径雷达(SAR)工作在L波段,具备单极化、线性双极化、紧缩双极化、全极化等对地观测能力。现有研究主要侧重于LT-1A重轨干涉数据获取能力以及数字高程模型、沉降产品的生产精度评价,对LT-1A的辐射精度、地物极化信息保持能力的研究较为缺乏。该文以热带雨林植被为观测对象,通过不依赖人工定标器的自主定标方法对LT-1A全极化数据辐射误差、极化误差的稳定性进行评价与分析。实验表明:LT-1A传感器的辐射稳定性较好、极化精度优于国际对地观测组织(CEOS)推荐指标。持续对地观测1000 km内归一化雷达截面(NRCS)误差波动小于1 dB (3倍标准差)、5天内重返观测时辐射误差波动小于0.5 dB (3倍标准差);全极化观测模式下系统串扰低于–35 dB甚至达到–40 dB,交叉极化通道不平衡优于0.2 dB与2°,同通道不平衡优于0.5 dB与10°;系统噪声介于–42~–22 dB,平均系统等效热噪声优于–25 dB,热噪声水平随持续对地观测时长的增加有升高。此外,该研究验证了电离层对LT-1A极化数据质量的影响:5°法拉第旋转角造成的图像退化与–20 dB系统串扰带来的影响相当,而3°~20°法拉第旋转角在中、低纬度较为常见,这将带来–21.16~–8.78 dB的极化通道间扰动,即电离层对全极化数据质量的退化相较传感器–40 dB的串扰更为严重。

     

  • 图  1  基于热带雨林观测的LT-1A数据评估流程

    Figure  1.  The quality evaluation of LT-1A based on tropical rainforest vegetation

    图  2  本文LT-1A热带雨林观测范围(共包含201景升轨、降轨全极化数据)

    Figure  2.  The LT-1A observation areas in the Amazon rainforest (including 201 images with full polarization of ascending and descending orbits)

    图  3  LT-1A热带雨林观测数据示例((a)—(d)为Pauli假彩色合成影像)

    Figure  3.  The LT-1A observations in the Amazon rainforest ((a)—(d) present the PauliRGB images)

    图  4  基于热带雨林的LT-1A天线方向图估计结果

    Figure  4.  The antenna pattern estimation results based on the Amazon rainforest observations

    图  5  天线方向图校准后LT-1A数据示例

    Figure  5.  The LT-1A samples after calibrating the antenna pattern

    图  6  雨林地区LT-1A影像“总体极化畸变”与电离层模型获取的法拉第旋转角先验(横轴)。ASC表示升轨、DES表示降轨。

    Figure  6.  The contrast between the theoretical faraday rotation angle determined by the Ion. Model and the polarimetric distortions of the LT-1A data in the Amazon rainforest. ASC and DES represent the ascending and descending orbits, respectively.

    图  7  基于雨林地区的系统等效热噪声估计

    Figure  7.  The equivalent thermal noise estimation based on the rainforest observations

    图  8  基于雨林地区的LT-1A影像系统等效热噪声均值与1倍标准差

    Figure  8.  The statistical levels of LT-1A equivalent thermal noise estimated by the rainforest observations

    表  1  天线方向图校准后不同极化影像雨林像素均值(Mean)与三倍标准差(Std)

    Table  1.   The Mean and 3 times Std level of the Amazon rainforest observations after calibrating the antenna pattern

    极化
    通道
    波位43 (dB) Mean±3$* $Std 波位 46 (dB) Mean±3$* $Std 波位53 (dB) Mean±3$* $Std
    2022/10/16 2022/10/20 2022/10/22 2022/10/23 2022/10/17 2022/10/21
    HH 19.43±0.80 19.26±0.95 11.70±0.61 11.91±0.63 13.96±0.56 13.87±0.69
    HV 6.34±0.72 6.13±0.63 6.63±0.67 6.80±0.62 9.36±0.77 9.18±1.20
    VH 6.51±0.72 6.30±0.63 6.69±0.68 6.86±0.63 9.38±0.76 9.20±1.23
    VV 19.15±0.61 18.95±0.62 11.47±0.70 11.71±0.61 13.92±0.60 13.81±0.98
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