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摘要: 多节点收发分置系统通过波形在空时频能等多域进行协同工作，能够提供相比单雷达更多的抗干扰自由度。该文针对抗多主瓣干扰问题，提出一种基于两部短基线收发分置系统的频域协同波形设计方法。首先，利用基于MM原理的近端乘子法(MM-PMM)算法，优化设计具有局部良好自相关电平的窄带探测信号；接着，依据窄带探测信号脉间频率跳变特点，优化对应的宽带频谱置零信号，作为窄带信号的掩护信号；然后，利用两个发射节点分别将窄带与宽带信号进行协同发射；最后，利用基于频率捷变的相参和非相参联合积累的信号处理方法实现对频域协同波形回波的处理。数值仿真实验验证了频域协同波形设计方法算法收敛性、频域掩护原理以及抗多主瓣干扰的有效性。
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关键词:
- 短基线 /
- 频域协同波形 /
- 抗干扰 /
- 低截获概率 /
- 相参与非相参联合积累
Abstract: Multinode transceiver division systems can cooperate across multiple domains, including space, time, frequency, and energy, through waveforms. Moreover, it can provide greater anti-interference degrees of freedom than that from a single radar. Through this paper, we propose a frequency domain cooperative waveform design method based on two short baseline transceiver separation systems to resist multi-mainlobe interference. First, a narrowband detection signal with a locally good autocorrelation level was optimized using the Majorization-Minimization-based Proximal Method of Multipliers (MM-PMM) algorithm. Then, according to the characteristics of the frequency hopping of the narrowband detection signal, the corresponding wideband signal with a null spectrum was optimized as the cover signal of a narrowband signal. Further, two transmitting nodes were used to transmit the narrowband and wideband signals. Finally, a signal processing method based on phase-coherent and nonphase-coherent joint accumulation, with known frequency agility was used to process the cooperative waveform in the frequency domain. Numerical simulation results demonstrated the convergence of the MM-PMM algorithm, principle of frequency domain cover, and effectiveness of the frequency domain cooperative waveform design method against multi-mainlobe interference. -
图 2 频域协同波形功率配置原理示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of frequency domain cooperative waveform power configuration
图 4 频域协同波形信号处理方法
Figure 4. Frequency domain cooperative waveform signal processing method
图 5
${\varOmega _1}$ 1区域归一化自相关旁瓣电平在不同M下随迭代次数变化的曲线Figure 5. The normalized autocorrelation sidelobe levelof
${\varOmega _1}$ versus iteration for different M values
图 7
${\varOmega _1}$ 区域归一化自相关旁瓣电平在不同惩罚因子下随迭代次数变化的曲线Figure 7. The normalized autocorrelation sidelobe levelof
${\varOmega _1}$ versus iteration for different penalty factor values
图 10 频域协同发射信号功率谱密度
Figure 10. The power spectral density of frequency domain cooperative waveform pair
图 11 抗噪声调频干扰R-D图对比
Figure 11. The R-D diagram comparison of anti-noise frequency modulation interference effect
图 13 抗噪声调频和灵巧组合干扰R-D图对比
Figure 13. The R-D diagram comparison of anti-noise frequency modulation and smart combination interference effect
表 1 惩罚参数设置
Table 1. Simulation parameters of penalty parameters
情况 惩罚参数${\rho _{\text{r}}}$ 惩罚参数${\rho _{\text{y}}}$ 情况1 $5 \times {10^{ - 5} }$ $1$ 情况2 $5 \times {10^{ - 4} }$ $10$ 情况3 $1 \times {10^{ - 3} }$ $50$ 情况4 $5 \times {10^{ - 3} }$ $100$ 
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表 2 频域协同波形仿真参数
Table 2. Simulation parameters of frequency domain cooperative waveform
参数 数值 载频${f_{\text{c}}}$ 1 GHz 时宽T 10 μs 脉冲重复间隔${T_{\text{r}}}$ 100 μs 采样率${F_{\text{s}}}$ 200 MHz 脉冲个数$N$ 200 宽带信号带宽${B_{\text{x}}}$ 200 MHz 宽带信号的幅度${A_{\text{x}}}$ 1 窄带信号带宽${B_{\text{p}}}$ 10 MHz 窄带信号幅度${A_{\text{p}}}$ 0.5 跳频频点${f_z}$ [–80 –40 0 40 80] MHz
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表 3 抗干扰场景参数
Table 3. Simulation parameters of anti-interference scenes
参数 数值 目标距离$R$ [99 101] km 目标速度$v$ [90 80] m/s 窄带探测信号信噪比SNR [15 10] dB 干噪比JNR 30 dB
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表 4 抗干扰场景参数
Table 4. Simulation parameters of anti-interference scenes
参数 数值 目标距离$R$ 100 km 目标速度$v$ 80 m/s 窄带雷达信号信噪比SNR 15 dB 灵巧干扰假目标距离 [98 99] km 灵巧干扰假目标速度 [1 1] m/s 灵巧干扰干噪比JNR [35 30] dB 灵巧干扰切片时长$m$ [1 5] μs 灵巧干扰转发次数$n$ [5 3] 灵巧干扰中噪声信号等效带宽$\Delta B$ 10 MHz 噪声调频干扰干噪比JNR 30 dB
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