基于反射型超表面的太赫兹偏折涡旋波束生成

施宏宇; 李国强; 刘康; 李博林; 衣建甲; 张安学; 徐卓

doi:10.12000/JR21070

基于反射型超表面的太赫兹偏折涡旋波束生成

doi: 10.12000/JR21070

施宏宇^{1, 2, ,},
李国强^{1, 2},
刘康³,
李博林^{1, 2},
衣建甲²,
张安学²,
徐卓^{1, 4}

1.
西安交通大学多功能材料和结构教育部重点实验室西安 710049
2.
西安交通大学电信学部信息与通信工程学院西安 710049
3.
国防科技大学电子科学学院长沙 410073
4.
西安交通大学电子陶瓷与器件教育部重点实验室西安 710049

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(61871315)

详细信息

作者简介:
施宏宇(1987–)，男，陕西人，西安交通大学电信学部副教授。主要研究方向为电磁超材料理论与应用、人工智能在超材料电磁波调控中的应用、携带轨道角动量电磁波的产生与应用、新型可重构天线理论与设计、新型功能材料在电磁波调控中的应用等

李国强(1996–)，男，山东人，西安交通大学电信学部信息与通信工程学院硕士研究生。主要研究方向为电磁波综合调控等

刘　康(1990–)，男，江苏泗阳人，国防科技大学电子科学学院副教授。主要研究方向为雷达前视成像及电磁涡旋技术

李博林(1996–)，男，陕西人，西安交通大学电信学部信息与通信工程学院硕士研究生。主要研究方向为新型太赫兹和毫米波器件等

衣建甲(1986–)，男，吉林人，西安交通大学电信学部研究员。主要研究方向为智能电磁波器件、声学人工材料、可调控太赫兹器件等

张安学(1972–)，男，河南安阳人，西安交通大学电信学部教授，博士生导师。主要研究方向为新型天线与分集技术、移动通信微波射频技术、智能雷达信号处理、多天线通信系统与阵列信号处理、微波测试理论与系统设计等

徐　卓(1960–)，男，四川人，西安交通大学电信学部教授。主要研究方向为弛豫型铁电单晶、电场诱导和压力诱导的铁电体、反铁电体和低相变压力铁电陶瓷材料及微结构等

通讯作者:
施宏宇 honyo.shi1987@gmail.com

责任主编：李龙 Corresponding Editor: LI Long
中图分类号: TN82
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-30
- 修回日期: 2021-07-27
- 网络出版日期: 2021-08-11
- 刊出日期: 2021-10-28

Deflective Vortex Beam Generation Based on Metasurfaces in the Terahertz Band

SHI Hongyu^{1, 2
, ,},
LI Guoqiang^{1, 2},
LIU Kang³,
LI Bolin^{1, 2},
YI Jianjia²,
ZHANG Anxue²,
XU Zhuo^{1, 4}

1.
MOE Key Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
2.
Branch of Information and Communications Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
3.
College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
4.
Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61871315)

More Information

Corresponding author: SHI Hongyu, honyo.shi1987@gmail.com

摘要

摘要: 太赫兹涡旋波束可以提高雷达通信系统通信容量及成像系统的分辨率，如何有效地产生这种波束成为近期研究热点之一。为了克服传统方式的缺点，该文设计加工了5个工作在太赫兹频段的反射型超表面，它们可以产生±1、±2和3共5个不同模态的涡旋波束。为了避免馈源对涡旋波束的遮挡，通过平面反射阵原理控制了波束的偏转方向。超表面单元为3层结构，其中，上层为金属结构，控制上层结构中8个枝节的长度，可以在基本不改变超表面单元反射系数的情况下，调整它的反射相位。中间层为介质层，为了使超表面单元有较高的反射系数，介质层下方为一金属地。超表面单元仿真显示，其同极化反射率在90%以上，相位分布也满足超表面设计需求。超表面的仿真及测试结果表明，在340 GHz附近，不同超表面在设计的方向上产生了对应模态的涡旋波束，并且涡旋波束中的主模态能量占比最高。
- 太赫兹 /
- 涡旋波束 /
- 超表面 /
- 波束调控 /
- 反射阵
Abstract: Terahertz vortex beams can be used to improve the communication capacity of radar communication systems and the resolution of imaging systems. This paper presents a deflective vortex beam generation method based on a reflective metasurface working in the terahertz band. Without the limitations of traditional methods, metasurfaces are a good candidate to generate beams carrying an orbital angular momentum in the terahertz band. First, we designed and simulated a unit cell of the metasurface. The unit cell of our design consists of two metallic (gold) layers and one dielectric layer. An almost 360° phase shift was acquired by adjusting the length of the eight stubs of the top layer. The unit cell of the metasurface was simulated by CST Microwave Studio, and the simulation results showed that the co-polarization reflection efficiencies of the unit cells were more than 90%. To avoid performance degradation due to blockage of the feed horn, we controlled accurately the directions of vortex beams based on the concept of reflectarray. To verify the performance of our design, we simulated and measured five reflective metasurfaces. The results of simulation and measurement showed that these metasurfaces could generate five deflective vortex beams in the terahertz band. The topological charges of these beams are ±1, ±2, and 3, which account for the highest energy proportion in different vortex beams.
- Terahertz /
- Vortex beam /
- Metasurface /
- Beam control /
- Reflectarray

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图 1 单元上层结构图

Figure 1. Schematics of top layer

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图 2 不同r₀的同极化反射波的反射幅度及相位

Figure 2. The reflection coefficient and phase of co-polarized reflected wave versus r₀

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图 3 超表面相位分布

Figure 3. The phase distribution scheme of a metasurface

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图 4 超表面仿真模型

Figure 4. The simulation model of a metasurface

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图 5 超表面仿真的涡旋波束远场分布图

Figure 5. The simulated far-field vortex beam distributions

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图 6 涡旋波束远场仿真结果的幅度与相位

Figure 6. The amplitudes and phases of simulated far-field vortex beams

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图 7 仿真结果的频谱分析

Figure 7. OAM spectrum weight for the simulated results

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图 8 加工的超表面

Figure 8. Photograph of the fabricated metasurface

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图 9 测试中的超表面

Figure 9. Metasurface under test

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图 10 近场测试结果的幅度与相位

Figure 10. The amplitudes and phases of measured near-field

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图 11 近场测试结果的频谱分析

Figure 11. OAM spectrum weight for the measured near-field results

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