面向舰船目标检测的单通道复值SAR图像统计建模方法研究

冷祥光 计科峰 熊博莅 匡纲要

冷祥光, 计科峰, 熊博莅, 等. 面向舰船目标检测的单通道复值SAR图像统计建模方法研究[J]. 雷达学报, 2020, 9(3): 477–496. doi: 10.12000/JR20070
引用本文: 冷祥光, 计科峰, 熊博莅, 等. 面向舰船目标检测的单通道复值SAR图像统计建模方法研究[J]. 雷达学报, 2020, 9(3): 477–496. doi: 10.12000/JR20070
LENG Xiangguang, JI Kefeng, XIONG Boli, et al. Statistical modeling methods of single-channel complex-valued SAR images for ship detection[J]. Journal of Radars, 2020, 9(3): 477–496. doi: 10.12000/JR20070
Citation: LENG Xiangguang, JI Kefeng, XIONG Boli, et al. Statistical modeling methods of single-channel complex-valued SAR images for ship detection [J]. Journal of Radars, 2020, 9(3): 477–496. doi: 10.12000/JR20070

面向舰船目标检测的单通道复值SAR图像统计建模方法研究

doi: 10.12000/JR20070
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(61601035, 61971426)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    冷祥光(1991–),男,江西九江人,博士,国防科技大学电子科学学院讲师,研究方向为遥感信息处理、SAR图像智能解译和机器学习

    计科峰(1974–),男,陕西长武人,博士,国防科技大学电子科学学院教授,博士生导师,研究方向为SAR图像解译、目标检测与识别、特征提取、SAR和AIS匹配

    熊博莅(1981–),男,湖南益阳人,博士,国防科技大学电子科学学院CEMEE国家重点实验室副教授,研究方向为遥感图像智能解译、SAR图像配准及变化检测

    匡纲要(1966–),男,湖南衡东人,博士,国防科技大学电子科学学院CEMEE国家重点实验室教授,博士生导师,图形与图像处理方向学科带头人,研究方向为遥感图像智能解译、SAR图像目标检测与识别

    通讯作者:

    冷祥光 luckight@163.com

    计科峰 jikefeng@nudt.edu.cn

  • 责任主编:张增辉 Corresponding Editor: ZHANG Zenghui
  • 中图分类号: TP753

Statistical Modeling Methods of Single-channel Complex-valued SAR Images for Ship Detection

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61601035, 61971426)
More Information
  • 摘要: 合成孔径雷达(SAR)成像模式丰富、覆盖范围广、分辨率高,可以长期、动态、宏观地对海洋进行监测。在完全发展的相干斑假设条件下,传统单通道SAR图像舰船目标检测方法主要研究幅度信息。然而,其部分假设条件在高分辨率情形下并非严格成立,因此无法有效利用单通道SAR图像的相位或复值信息。该文面向舰船目标检测应用,将单通道复值SAR图像统计建模方法划分为幅度、相位和复值统计建模3个部分,首先简要综述了单通道SAR图像幅度统计建模方法,然后详细阐述了单通道SAR图像相位和复值统计建模方法,并重点介绍了其建模过程和参数估计方法。在此基础上,该文给出了作者研究小组在基于复值统计信息的单通道SAR图像舰船目标检测方面的部分最新研究结果,并分析展望了下一步研究方向。

     

  • 图  1  TerraSAR-X舰船目标和海杂波幅度图像示例

    Figure  1.  TerraSAR-X ship target and sea clutter amplitude images

    图  2  TerraSAR-X舰船目标和海杂波相位图像

    Figure  2.  TerraSAR-X ship target and sea clutter phase images

    图  3  TerraSAR-X舰船目标和海杂波相位直方图(以玫瑰图形式展示,红线表示平均方向)

    Figure  3.  TerraSAR-X ship target and sea clutter phase histograms (Presented in rose charts. Red line indicates mean direction)

    图  4  不同参数下von Mises分布示例

    Figure  4.  PDFs for von Mises distribution at different parameters

    图  5  TerraSAR-X舰船目标和海杂波邻域相位方向差图像

    Figure  5.  TerraSAR-X ship target and sea clutter NPDD images

    图  6  TerraSAR-X舰船目标和海杂波邻域相位方向差直方图(以玫瑰图形式展示,红线表示平均方向)

    Figure  6.  TerraSAR-X ship target and sea clutter NPDD histograms (Presented in rose charts. Red line indicates mean direction)

    图  7  不同参数下的广义高斯分布示例

    Figure  7.  PDFs for CGGD at different parameters

    图  8  舰船目标和海杂波的实部和虚部图像

    Figure  8.  Real and imaginary parts of ship target and sea clutter images

    图  9  舰船目标和海杂波实部和虚部的直方图

    Figure  9.  Real and imaginary histograms of ship target and sea clutter images

    图  10  复信号峰度和形状参数的关系

    Figure  10.  Relationship between CSK and the shape parameter

    图  11  基于复信号峰度的复广义高斯分布形状参数估计方法流程

    Figure  11.  Flowchart of shape parameter estimation of CGGD based on CSK

    图  12  Novey的方法和基于复信号峰度的方法的均方误差结果对比

    Figure  12.  MSE results of Novey’s method and our method

    图  13  Novey的方法和基于复信号峰度的方法的单次估计平均时间消耗对比

    Figure  13.  Average time consumption comparison for a single test of Novey’s method and our method

    图  14  不同成像条件下海杂波和舰船目标的复信号峰度对比

    Figure  14.  CSK plots of sea clutter of typical sea clutter and ship targets from different acquisitions

    图  15  Sentinel-1图像中的射频干扰现象(绿圆表示舰船目标)

    Figure  15.  Ships affected by RFIs in Sentinel-1 images (The green circles represent ships)

    图  16  高斯分布迭代分割过程的示例

    Figure  16.  Illustration of the iteration process for a Gaussian distribution

    图  17  舰船目标切片复信号峰度迭代分割和Otsu分割对比结果

    Figure  17.  Comparison of Otsu and CSK iteration segmentation results

    表  1  TerraSAR-X舰船目标和海杂波相位图像循环统计量结果

    Table  1.   Circular statistical results of TerraSAR-X ship target and sea clutter

    循环统计量均值方差标准差平均长度偏度峰度
    (a) 舰船目标12.210.952.460.050–0.01
    (b) 海杂波1–2.720.962.490.04–0.010.01
    (c) 舰船目标2–0.340.982.840.020.01–0.01
    (d) 海杂波2–2.870.982.830.020.010
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  TerraSAR-X舰船目标和海杂波的邻域相位方向差图像循环统计量结果

    Table  2.   Circular statistical results of TerraSAR-X ship target and sea clutter NPDD images

    循环统计量均值方差标准差平均长度偏度峰度
    (a) 舰船目标100.270.790.7300.46
    (b) 海杂波100.210.690.7900.53
    (c) 舰船目标200.370.960.6300.35
    (d) 海杂波200.210.690.790.010.53
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-05-28
  • 修回日期:  2020-06-19
  • 网络出版日期:  2020-06-01

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