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Early Identification of Potential Landslide Geohazards in Alpine-canyon Terrain Based on SAR Interferometry—a Case Study of the Middle Section of Yalong River (in English)
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摘要: 我国西部山区滑坡灾害频发，具有强隐蔽性、高突发性、强破坏性等特点，对灾害隐患点进行早期识别是最为有效的防灾减灾措施。西部山区多为高山峡谷区域且范围辽阔，人不易至甚至人不能至，传统的人工排查早期识别方法较难实施。合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术(InSAR)作为新兴雷达遥感测量手段，可以高效准确地对高山峡谷区域进行滑坡灾害隐患早期识别。该文基于欧洲空间局(ESA)的哨兵一号(Sentinel-1)SAR遥感数据，利用时间序列InSAR技术对雅砻江流域雅江县-木里县段的高山峡谷区域进行了滑坡灾害隐患广域早期识别，成功探测到8处隐患区域。并结合滑坡隐患历史资料与光学影像遥感解译对识别结果进行了验证与分析，对灾害点风险等级进行了评定。并探讨了几何畸变因素对高山峡谷区域InSAR技术滑坡灾害隐患广域早期识别的影响。该案例可为当地的防灾减灾提供有力的数据与技术支持，并为高山峡谷区的滑坡灾害隐患早期识别提供思路与参考。
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关键词:
- 雷达遥感 /
- 时间序列InSAR /
- 高山峡谷区 /
- 滑坡灾害隐患早期识别 /
- 雅砻江
Abstract: Landslide disasters occur frequently in the western mountainous regions of China and are characterized by high concealment, suddenness, and strong destructiveness. Early identification of potential disaster hazards is the most effective prevention and mitigation measure. The western mountainous areas mostly have a wide range of alpine-canyon terrain, which is hard or even impossible to reach. Moreover, traditional early identification methods, such as manual inspection, are difficult to implement in these areas. As an emerging radar remote-sensing method, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) can efficiently and accurately identify the hidden dangers of landslides. Based on the synthetic aperture radar data of the European Space Agency’s Sentinel-1, this study used time series InSAR technology to identify the potential landslide hazards in the alpine-canyon terrain along the Yajiang-Muli County of the Yalong River; eight potential geohazards were detected. On the basis of the historical data of landslide hazards and the interpretation of optical remote sensing data, the results of early identification were verified and analyzed, and the danger level of the disaster points was evaluated. The influence of geometric distortion in InSAR technology on the early identification of potential landslides in alpine-canyon terrain was also discussed. This case study can provide powerful data and technical support for local disaster prevention and mitigation and provide ideas and references for the early identification of the hidden dangers of landslides in mountain-valley areas. -
图 9 雅砻江流域Sentinel-1数据几何畸变分布图
Figure 9. Geometric distortion of Sentinel-1 datasets along Yalong River
图 5 鲁日村滑坡灾害隐患识别结果
Figure 5. Early identification results of potential landslide geohazards in Luri village
图 6 中铺子村滑坡灾害隐患识别结果
Figure 6. Early identification results of potential landslide geohazards in Zhongpuzi village
图 7 潜在地质灾害点验证与对比
Figure 7. Verification and comparison on potential landslide geohazards
图 6 Early identification results of potential landslide geohazards in Zhongpuzi village
图 8 Relationships between the Line Of Sight (LOS) and the downslope displacements for different slope orientations (adapted from Ref. [22])
表 1 Sentinel-1卫星SAR影像数据主要参数
Table 1. Main parameters of Sentinel-1 SAR datasets
主要参数 Sentinel-1卫星数据 轨道方向 升轨 波段 C 雷达波长(cm) 5.6 空间分辨率(m) 5×20 重访周期(d) 12 入射角(°) 36.8 
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表 2 雅砻江潜在灾害点早期识别结果列表
Table 2. Early identification results on potential disaster sites along Yalong River
编号 滑坡名 经纬度 变形范围(m) 最大形变速率
(mm/year)平均坡
度(%)高程范围(m) 植被覆
盖情况威胁对象 风险
等级1 鲁日村 101°7′ 35″ E 29°34′ 43″ N 1800*1000 76 30 2463～3085 低 村落与雅砻江 高 2 日阿 101°7′ 2″ E 29°32′ 28″ N 2200*900 95 57 2462～3140 低 村落与雅砻江 高 3 日衣 101°7′ 41″ E 29°30′ 29″ N 2100*500 66 57 2452～2896 低 村落与雅砻江 高 4 木恩 101°0′ 37″ E 29°20′ 33″ N 500*800 57 58 2295～2853 低 雅砻江 中 5 中铺子村 101°12′ 30″ E 28°35′ 04″ N 1320*700 73 60 1900～3000 中 村落与雅砻江 高 6 麻撒村 101°14′ 21″ E 28°29′ 07″ N 360*400 46 55 1900～2500 低 村落与雅砻江 高 7 阳山村 101°27′ 32″ E 28°04′ 18″ N 710*1000 53 62 1762～2350 低 雅砻江支流 中 8 独家村 101°30′ 07″ E 28°03′ 31″ N 630*700 60 55 1600～2200 低 雅砻江 中
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表 3 雅砻江流域InSAR早期识别验证与对比
Table 3. Verification and comparison on early identification results from InSAR along Yalong River
编号 滑坡名 历史记录 地貌地形特征 威胁对象 危险等级 1 鲁日 古滑坡 可见古滑坡体 村落与雅砻江 高 2 日阿 古滑坡 可见小型古滑坡 村落与雅砻江 高 3 日衣 古滑坡 可见古滑坡体 村落与雅砻江 高 4 木恩 古滑坡 可见古滑坡体 雅砻江 中 5 中铺子村 新发现 可见古滑坡体 村落与雅砻江 高 6 麻撒村 新发现 可见古滑坡体 村落与雅砻江 高 7 阳山村 新发现 无明显特征 雅砻江支流 中 8 独家村 新发现 可见历史崩塌 雅砻江 中
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表 1 Main parameters of Sentinel-1 SAR datasets
The main parameters Sentinel-1 SAR data Orbital direction Ascending Bands C Radar wavelength (cm) 5.6 Spatial resolution (m) 5×20 Revisit cycle (d) 12 Incident angle (°) 36.8
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表 2 Early identification results on potential disaster sites alongYalongRiver
Number Landslide Latitude and
longitudeDeformation range (m) Maximum deformation rate (mm/year) Average slope (%) Elevation range (m) Vegetation coverage Threat object Risk level 1 Luri ${\rm{101^\circ7'35''E\;29^\circ34'43''N} }$ 1800*1000 76 30 2463～3085 low Villages and Yalong River high 2 Ri’a ${\rm{101^\circ7'2''E\;29^\circ32'28''N} }$ 2200*900 95 57 2462～3140 low Villages and Yalong River high 3 Riyi ${\rm{101^\circ7'41''E\;29^\circ30'29''N} }$ 2100*500 66 57 2452～2896 low Villages and Yalong River high 4 Muen ${\rm{101^\circ0'37''E\;29^\circ20'33''N} }$ 500*800 57 58 2295～2853 low Yalong River middle 5 Zhongpuzi ${\rm{101^\circ12'30''E\;28^\circ35'04''N } }$ 1320*700 73 60 1900～3000 middle Villages and Yalong River high 6 Masa ${\rm{101^\circ14'21''E\;28^\circ29'07''N} }$ 360*400 46 55 1900～2500 low Villages and Yalong River high 7 Yangshan ${\rm{101^\circ27'32''E\;28^\circ04'18''N} }$ 710*1000 53 62 1762～2350 low Yalong River tributary middle 8 Dujia ${\rm{101^\circ30'07''E\;28^\circ03'31''N} }$ 630*700 60 55 1600～2200 low Yalong River middle
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表 3 Verification and comparison on early identification results from InSAR along Yalong River
Number Landslide History record Topographic features Threat object Risk level 1 Luri ancient landslide Visible ancient landslide Villages and Yalong River high 2 Ri’a ancient landslide Visible small ancient landslide Villages and Yalong River high 3 Riyi ancient landslide Visible ancient landslide Villages and Yalong River high 4 Muen ancient landslide Visible ancient landslide Yalong River middle 5 Zhongpuzi new discovery Visible ancient landslide Villages and Yalong River high 6 Masa new discovery Visible ancient landslide Villages and Yalong River high 7 Yangshan new discovery No obvious features Yalong River tributary middle 8 Dujia new discovery Visible history collapse Yalong River middle
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