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Airborne Multi-functional Maritime Surveillance Radar System Design and Key Techniques
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摘要: 机载多功能海上监视雷达系统作为机载平台对海探测的主要任务载荷，具有全天候、全天时、探测范围广和工作环境复杂多变等特点，是极具应用前景的一种广域海上监视雷达系统，在海上作战体系中占有重要地位。该文根据多功能海上监视雷达的系统特点及优势，对系统设计中的雷达体制选择、工作参数选择和工作模式设计等进行了论述，并对影响其关键性能的强海杂波中慢速目标检测、跟踪和目标识别问题以及解决问题的技术途径进行了分析。Abstract: As the main task load of the airborne platform for sea detection, the airborne multi-functional marine surveillance radar system has the following characteristics: the ability to operate in all weather conditions regularly, a wide detection range, and a complex and changeable working environment. Moreover, the system has a wide area coverage, great application prospects, and plays an important role in marine combat. According to the system characteristics and the advantages of the multi-functional marine surveillance radar, the selection of radar system, working parameters, and the working mode design of the system are discussed. The problems of slow target detection, ineffective tracking and target identification in strong sea clutter, which affects the key performance of the system, and technical ways to solve them are analyzed.
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图 1 美国Raytheon公司研制的SeaVue“海妖”雷达组成单元实物及工作效果图
Figure 1. Physical and operational results of SeaVue “Sea monster” radar component units developed by Raytheon company, USA
图 2 法国Thales公司研制的Ocean Master雷达组成单元实物图
Figure 2. Physical charts of Ocean Master Radar component units developed by Thales company of France
图 3 以色列埃尔塔公司研制的EL/M-2022A型雷达组成单元实物及工作效果图
Figure 3. EL/M-2022A radar component units developed by Elta company of Israel
图 4 SELEX GALILEO公司研制的Seaspray 5000E海面搜索雷达实物与工作效果图
Figure 4. Physical and operational results of Seaspray 5000E marine surface search radar developed by SELEX GALILEO company
图 5 美国Raytheon公司研制的MFAS雷达AN/ZPY-3实物与工作效果图
Figure 5. Material and working effect diagrams of MAFS radar AN/ZPY-3 developed by Raytheon company, USA
图 7 不同扫描角度范围对应的天线功率增益积
Figure 7. Antenna power-gain product corresponding to different scanning angle ranges
图 8 不同作用距离时波束掠射角和信杂噪比变化关系
Figure 8. Variation of beam grazing angle and SCNR at different ranges
图 9 机载多功能海上监视雷达系统组成示意图
Figure 9. Composition diagram of airborne multifunctional marine surveillance radar system
图 12 频率捷变非相参处理原理框图
Figure 12. Principle block diagram of frequency agility non-coherent processing
图 13 某机载海上监视雷达回波单重检测和双重检测结果
Figure 13. Single detection and double detection of echo of an airborne marine surveillance radar
图 18 某机载多功能海上监视雷达对海上某船ISAR成像结果
Figure 18. ISAR imaging results of an airborne multifunctional marine surveillance radar for a ship at sea
图 19 某机载对海监视雷达对散货船ISAR成像结果
Figure 19. ISAR imaging results of an airborne maritime surveillance radar on bulk carrier
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