基于改进sinc插值的变PRF采样聚束SAR成像

陈世阳; 黄丽佳; 俞雷

doi:10.12000/JR18095

基于改进sinc插值的变PRF采样聚束SAR成像

DOI: 10.12000/JR18095

陈世阳^1,2,3,4,,
黄丽佳^1,2, ,,
俞雷^4,

①.
中国科学院电子学研究所北京 100190
②.
中国科学院空间信息处理与应用系统技术重点实验室北京 100190
③.
中国科学院大学电子电气与工程学院北京 100049
④.
北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院北京 100191

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(61331017)

详细信息

作者简介:
陈世阳(1994–)，男，硕士研究生，研究方向为合成孔径雷达信号处理。Email: m15528309300@163.com

黄丽佳(1984–)，女，博士，副研究员，硕士生导师，研究方向为合成孔径雷达信号处理与图像分析。Email: iecas8huanglijia@163.com

俞雷：俞雷(1979–)，男，博士生，高级工程师。研究方向为合成孔径雷达系统、雷达信号处理和遥感应用处理。E-mail: ylanlei@buaa.edu.cn

通讯作者:
黄丽佳 iecas8huanglijia@163.com

中图分类号: TN958
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-11-14
- 修回日期: 2019-02-22
- 网络出版日期: 2019-08-28

A Novel sinc Interpolation for Continuous PRF Sampled Sequences Reconstruction in Spotlight SAR

CHEN Shiyang^{1,2,3,4
,},
HUANG Lijia^{1,2
, ,},
YU Lei^4
,

①.
Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
②.
Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-Spatial Information Processing and Application System, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
③.
School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
④.
School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China

Funds: The National Science Foundation of China (61331017)

More Information

Corresponding author: HUANG Lijia, iecas8huanglijia@163.com

摘要

摘要: 该文针对周期性变PRF采样高分辨率聚束模式合成孔径雷达(SAR)提出了一种改进的两步成像算法。变脉冲重复频率(PRF)设计可解决固定盲区等问题，是解决星载SAR高分宽幅矛盾的一种有效手段，但变PRF采样会引起频谱混叠和虚假目标等问题。该文从离散非均匀傅里叶变换原理出发，推导改进sinc插值核函数并建立了时域-时域的回波重建方法，将变PRF采样回波重构为均匀采样回波。此外将改进sinc插值与两步式成像算法结合，据此发展出针对非均匀采样回波的改进两步式聚束SAR成像算法，拓展了传统两步式成像算法的使用范围。仿真数据和实际数据处理结果验证了成像算法的有效性和精确性，并且改进sinc插值具备更高的计算效率。
- 聚束SAR /
- 改进sinc插值 /
- 变PRF采样 /
- 高分辨率 /
- 宽测绘带
Abstract: This paper focuses on an improved imaging-algorithm for the spotlight Synthetic Aperture Radar (spotlight SAR) with continuous Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) variation in extremely high-resolution imaging-process. PRI variation is conventionally employed to resolve the problem of fixed blind ranges as well as the conflict of high-resolution and wide-swath; however, there are problems such as spectrum aliasing and ambiguous targets caused by nonuniform sampling. In this study, a novel sinc interpolation method is proposed to reconstruct a uniformly sampled signal from non-uniform Fourier Transform samples. Then a two-step processing approach combined with the novel sinc interpolation method is presented in the process of non-uniformly sampled echo imaging. The simulation proves the validity and accuracy of the proposed imaging algorithm. In addition, the computational cost of the novel sinc interpolation is further reduced compared to that of non-uniform Fourier transformation.
- Spotlight SAR /
- Modified sinc-interpolation /
- PRF Variation /
- High resolution /
- Wide swath

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图 1 固定PRF时，排除星下点干扰和发射干扰后的时序图

Figure 1. Illustration of PRF excluded zones as a result of transmit and nadir interference

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 给定参数下的盲区分布图

Figure 2. Blind ranges location for a given parameters of different PRI variations

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 基于改进sinc插值的两步式成像算法流程图

Figure 3. Procedure of the two-step processing approach based on the modified sinc interpolation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 慢变PRI序列两步式成像方位包络

Figure 4. Azimuth envelope of slow PRI change by different two-step algorithms

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 快变PRI序列两步式成像方位包络

Figure 5. Azimuth envelope of fast PRI change by different two-step algorithms

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 高分三号数据处理结果

Figure 6. Experiments on GF-3 data

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 快变慢变仿真参数

Table 1. SAR parameters of two types of PRI variation

参数	值
视角(°)	49
慢变PRF变化范围(Hz)	3243～3355
快变PRF变化范围(Hz)	3243～5964
方位向瞬时多普勒带宽(Hz)^*	2703
方位向总带宽(Hz)^**	72703
脉冲持续时间(μs)	30
慢变序列的一周期内脉冲数量	110
快变序列的一周期内脉冲数量	64
方位向分辨率	0.1
成像场景宽度(km)	8
表示聚束成像模式中的方位向瞬时带宽，*表示聚束成像模式中的方位向总带宽，即瞬时带宽与场景固定带宽之和

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 计算量对比

Table 2. Complexity of calculation

算法	乘法运算量	加法运算量	总运算量
NUDFT	N_a ²	N_a(N_a–1)	N_a(2N_a–1)
改进sinc插值	N_aL	N_a(L–1)	N_a(2L–1)

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 虚假电平指标测量结果

Table 3. Estimation of false targets level

PRF变化方式	算法	近距目标(dB)	中距目标(dB)	远距目标(dB)
慢变PRF	传统两步式成像算法	–20.56	–48.44	–22.11
	两步式成像结合NUDFT	–71.56	–72.91	–72.57
	两步式成像结合sinc插值	–49.38	–50.17	–49.87
	两步式成像结合改进sinc插值	–67.22	–66.89	–71.61
快变PRF	传统两步式成像算法	–12.33	–31.98	–12.04
	两步式成像结合NUDFT	–54.03	–54.25	–54.57
	两步式成像结合sinc插值	–26.05	–26.11	–26.02
	两步式成像结合改进sinc插值	–56.48	–53.36	–54.95

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