双基星载HRWS-SAR系统方位向信号重构的矩阵求逆算法

林玉川; 张剑云; 武拥军; 周青松

doi:10.12000/JR17060

双基星载HRWS-SAR系统方位向信号重构的矩阵求逆算法

doi: 10.12000/JR17060

电子工程学院合肥 230037

基金项目: 安徽省自然科学基金（1508085MF119）

详细信息

作者简介:
林玉川(1980–)，男，博士生，工程师，主要研究方向为双基SAR成像技术。E-mail: maths123@mail.ustc.edu.cn

张剑云(1963–)，男，教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向为雷达及目标环境模拟、雷达信号处理、高速信号处理

武拥军(1970–)，男，讲师，硕士生导师，主要研究方向为天线技术与微波成像

周青松(1982–)，男，博士，讲师，主要研究方向为凸优化理论及雷达信号处理

通讯作者:
林玉川 maths123@mail.ustc.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-06-18
- 修回日期: 2017-08-23
- 网络出版日期: 2017-08-28

Matrix Inversion Method for Azimuth Reconstruction in Bistatic Spaceborne High-Resolution Wide-Swath SAR System

Electronic Engineering Institute, Hefei 230037, China

Funds: Anhui Province Natural Science Foundation (1508085MF119)

摘要

摘要: 双基星载高分辨率宽测绘带SAR系统(HRWS-SAR)的方位向信号普遍为非均匀采样，重构其均匀采样信号或多普勒频谱是成像处理的关键步骤。该文将方位照射时间内时变的发射接收距离比近似为常数，利用双基系统与单基系统方位向通道间传递函数的等效关系，建立了一般双基构型星载HRWS-SAR系统的方位向信号模型，进而给出了方位向信号重构的矩阵求逆算法及重构性能指标信噪比缩放因子和方位模糊比的计算公式。该文对几种典型双基构型的星载HRWS-SAR系统进行方位向信号重构仿真，结果表明在非重叠采样条件下矩阵求逆算法能较好地重构出方位向信号的多普勒频谱。
- 双基SAR /
- 高分辨宽测绘带 /
- 方位向信号重构 /
- 矩阵求逆算法
Abstract: In bistatic spaceborne High-Resolution Wide-Swath SAR systems (HRWS-SAR), the azimuth reconstruction to obtain a uniform sampling signal or Doppler spectrum is a crucial step in image processing because azimuth signals are generally of non-uniform sampling type. In this study, the variant transmitting distance to receiving distance radio is approximated to be a constant, the equivalence between the bistatic and monostatic SAR azimuth interchannel transfer functions is deduced, and the azimuth signal model in spaceborne HRWS-SAR with general bistatic configuration is established. Furthermore, the matrix inversion algorithm to reconstruct the azimuth signal is proposed; in addition, to measure the reconstruction performance, the formulae for the signal noise ratio scaling factor and the azimuth ambiguity signal ratio are provided. The azimuth reconstruction is simulated in several spaceborne HRWS-SAR systems with typical bistatic configuration, and the results show that the azimuth Doppler spectrum can be correctly reconstructed via the matrix inversion algorithm when the azimuth sampling is conducted without coinciding samples.
- Bistatic SAR /
- High Resolution Wide Swath (HRWS) /
- Azimuth reconstruction /
- Matrix inversion method

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图 1 双基星载HRWS-SAR系统的双基构型

Figure 1. Bistatic configuration of bistatic spaceborne HRWS-SAR

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 单基星载HRWS-SAR系统的方位向信号生成模型

Figure 2. Azimuth signal generating model in monostatic spaceborne HRWS-SAR

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图 3 照射时间T_a范围内的 $C\left( t \right)$ 及 $\varepsilon \! \left( t \right)$ 变化曲线

Figure 3. $C\left( t \right)$ and $\varepsilon \! \left( t \right)$ variation curve in irradiation time T_a

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图 4 构型Ⅰ方位向信号重构前后的成像结果

Figure 4. Unreconstructed and reconstructed azimuth signal Doppler spectrum for bistatic configuration Ⅰ

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图 5 方位向信号重构后的成像结果

Figure 5. Imaging for reconstructed azimuth signal Doppler spectrum

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图 6 方位向信号重构性能曲线

Figure 6. Azimuth signal reconstruction performance curve

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表 1 双基星载HRWS-SAR系统的方位向系统参数

Table 1. Azimuth parameters in bistatic spaceborne HRWS-SAR

参数	数值
发射天线方位尺寸(m)	2.4
接收通道方位尺寸(m)	2.4
接收通道数目	5
轨道高度(km)	600
接收天线最短距离(km)	700
方位向速度(m/s)	7600
载波波长(cm)	3.1

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表 2 双基星载HRWS-SAR系统的7种双基构型

Table 2. Seven configurations for bistatic spaceborne HRWS-SAR

构型编号	t_fd (s)	L (km)
Ⅰ	0	0
Ⅱ	1	0
Ⅲ	10	0
Ⅳ	0	10
Ⅴ	0	100
Ⅵ	0	–10
Ⅶ	0	–100

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表 3 C₀及典型PRF值

Table 3. C₀ and typical PRF

构型编号	C₀	PRF_uni (kHz)	PRF_rep1 (kHz)	PRF_rep2 (kHz)
Ⅰ	1.0000	2.533	1.583	2.111
Ⅱ	1.0001	2.533	1.583	2.111
Ⅲ	1.0059	2.540	1.588	2.117
Ⅳ	0.9927	2.524	1.577	2.103
Ⅴ	0.9345	2.450	1.531	2.041
Ⅵ	1.0074	2.542	1.589	2.118
Ⅶ	1.0805	2.635	1.647	2.196

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