一种基于射频开关切换的伪随机编码超宽带多发多收雷达设计

苏海; 张晓娟; 叶盛波; 张群英; 方广有

doi:10.12000/JR16076

一种基于射频开关切换的伪随机编码超宽带多发多收雷达设计

doi: 10.12000/JR16076

苏海^①,②,,
张晓娟^①, ,,
叶盛波^①,,
张群英^①,,
方广有^①,

①.
中国科学院电磁辐射与探测技术重点实验室北京 100190
②.
中国科学院大学北京 100190

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(61172017)，中国科学院国防科技创新基金

详细信息

作者简介:
苏海：苏海(1991–)，男，广西北流人，现为中国科学院电子学研究所在读硕士研究生，主要研究方向为伪随机编码体制超宽带雷达技术。Email: suhai_214@163.com

张晓娟(1964–)，女，现为中国科学院电子学研究所研究员，博士生导师，主要研究方向为微波成像新方法及应用，微波遥感、天线、计算电磁学、电磁散射与逆散射。E-mail: xjzhang@mail.ie.ac.cn

叶盛波(1983–)，男，湖北武汉人，现为中国科学院电子学研究所副研究员，研究方向为超宽带雷达系统、探地雷达研制、雷达信号处理方法研究。E-mail: sbye@mail.ie.ac.cn

张群英(1970–)，女，陕西西安人，现为中国科学院电子学研究所研究员，博士生导师，研究方向为微波探测新方法研究、超宽带雷达系统、雷达信号处理。E-mail: qyzhang@mail.ie.ac.cn

方广有(1963–)，男，现为中国科学院电子学研究所研究员，博士生导师，中国科学院电子学研究所副所长，研究方向为超宽带雷达系统、测月雷达、太赫兹成像、地球物理探测方法、电磁场理论。E-mail: gyfang@mail.ie.ac.cn

通讯作者:
张晓娟 xjzhang@mail.ie.ac.cn

中图分类号: TN958
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2016-05-30
- 修回日期: 2017-02-12
- 网络出版日期: 2017-02-28

Design of an Ultra-wideband Pseudo Random Coded MIMO Radar Based on Radio Frequency Switches

Su Hai^{①,②
,},
Zhang Xiaojuan^{①
, ,},
Ye Shengbo^{①
,},
Zhang Qunying^{①
,},
Fang Guangyou^{①
,}

①.
The Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation and Sensing Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China
②.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61172017), The National Defense Science and Technology Innovation Fundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences

摘要

摘要: 多发多收超宽带雷达能实时探测到目标的距离向和方位向信息，在地质勘测、生命救援、穿墙目标跟踪等领域具有重要的应用价值。该文提出一种基于射频开关切换的伪随机编码超宽带多发多收雷达设计方法，研制出一套伪随机编码超宽带MIMO雷达系统。为了降低系统的成本和复杂性，采用射频开关切换的方法来实现多发多收。由于射频开关的耐压值有限，采用峰值功率为18 dBm的伪随机编码信号作为雷达发射信号。最后通过混合采样方法实现超宽带信号的采样接收，并且调用FPGA内部的DSP硬核来进行实时脉冲压缩，以缓解后续数据处理运算量大的问题。实验结果表明，该雷达系统能实时探测到目标的方位向和距离向信息。
- 超宽带雷达 /
- 伪随机编码 /
- 开关切换 /
- 多发多收 /
- FPGA
Abstract: A Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) ultra-wideband radar can detect the range and azimuth information of targets in real time. It is widely used for geological surveys, life rescue, through-wall tracking, and other military or civil fields. This paper presents the design of an ultra-wideband pseudo random coded MIMO radar that is based on Radio Frequency (RF) switches and implements a MIMO radar system. RF switches are employed to reduce cost and complexity of the system. As the switch pressure value is limited, the peak power of the transmitting signal is 18 dBm. The ultra-wideband radar echo is obtained by hybrid sampling, and pulse compression is computed by Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) embedded in an Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to simplify the signal process. The experiment illustrates that the radar system can detect the range and azimuth information of targets in real time.
- Ultra-wideband radar /
- Pseudo random code /
- Radio Frequency (RF) switch /
- Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) /
- Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

HTML全文

图 1 雷达工作过程示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of radar operating

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图 2 高速伪随机编码信号产生原理图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of high-speed pseudo random coded signal

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图 3 混合采样时序图

Figure 3. Timing diagram of hybrid sampling

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图 4 脉冲压缩并行运算框架

Figure 4. Structure of pulse compression computed parallelly

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图 5 多发多收雷达系统原理图

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of MIMO radar system

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图 6 多发多收雷达系统样机

Figure 6. MIMO radar system

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图 7 雷达发射信号

Figure 7. Radar transmitting signal

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图 8 脉冲压缩结果

Figure 8. Results of pulse compression

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图 9 收发开关级联结构图

Figure 9. Structure of radio frequency switches

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图 10 各个通道一致性测试结果

Figure 10. Results of consistency of all channels

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图 11 不同衰减值的闭环测试结果

Figure 11. Results of different attenuation

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图 12 不同体制雷达的穿墙测试结果

Figure 12. Results of different radar systems though the wall

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图 13 2发4收对空气中两个目标测试场景

Figure 13. Experimental scene using 4-input 2-output radar to detect two targets in the air

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图 14 两个目标在不同间距时的测试结果图

Figure 14. Results of different distance of two targets

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图 15 2发4收穿墙测试场景

Figure 15. Experimental scene using 4-input 2-output radar to detect human through the wall

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图 16 墙体后目标的测试结果图

Figure 16. Results of human behind the wall

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表 1 多发多收雷达系统主要参数

Table 1. Main parameter of MIMO radar

参数	数值
通道数量	m发n收(最大4发16收)
码元形式	m序列
码元长度	1023
单个码元宽度(ns)	0.9375
发射信号幅值(Vpp)	5
信号中心频率(GHz)	1.06
–10 dB信号带宽(GHz)	0.2～2.1
实时采样率(MSPS)	200
混合采样率(GSPS)	12.8
平均次数(times)	32
接收机灵敏度(dBm)	–97
脉冲重复频率(KHz)	333.3
采样时窗(ns)	300
扫描率(track/s)	164
成像速率(frame/s)	$\frac{{164}}{{m \cdot n}}$
总功耗(W)	20

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表 2 射频开关详细参数

Table 2. Main parameter of MIMO radar

参数	数值
带宽	0～3 GHz
插损	1.5 dB@0.5～2 GHz
1 dB压缩点	25 dBm@0.5～2 GHz
隔离度	37 dB@0.5～2 GHz
切换速度	25 ns/Turn on; 45 ns/Turn off

下载: 导出CSV

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