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QIN Fan, BI Jinyang, LIU Shiwu, et al. Mode interference cancelation and mode purity optimization for multimode OAM waves[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR25226
Citation: QIN Fan, BI Jinyang, LIU Shiwu, et al. Mode interference cancelation and mode purity optimization for multimode OAM waves[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR25226
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Mode Interference Cancelation and Mode Purity Optimization for Multimode OAM Waves

DOI: 10.12000/JR25226 CSTR: 32380.14.JR25226
  • 1.

    the School of Telecommunications Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China

  • 2.

    Qianyuan National Laboratory, Hangzhou 310024, China

  • 3.

    Nanjing Institute of Electronic Equipment, Nanjing 210000, China

Funds:  The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62341132)
More Information
  • Corresponding author: QIN Fan, fqin@xidian.edu.cn
  • Received Date: 2025-11-05
    Available Online: 2026-03-14
    Abstract
  • Vortex waves carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) theoretically support an infinite set of orthogonal modes and exhibit distinctive helical phase-front gradients, thus enhancing spectral efficiency and sensing capability in wireless communication and radar sensing applications. However, the practical implementation of multimode OAM generation is constrained by mode interference and imbalances in mode purity, severely degrading system performance. To address these challenges, this paper conducts a rigorous mathematical analysis and develops a novel method for generating multimode OAM waves with an optimized mode purity. Requiring only 1-bit quantized phase manipulation, the proposed approach enables the simultaneous generation of multimode OAM waves (l = ±1, ±2, ···, ±n, n ∈ N+), effectively suppresses mode interference, and achieves synchronous improvement in mode purity. To verify the proposed method, numerical simulations were performed to generate and optimize multimode vortex waves with 16 OAM modes (l = ±1, ±2, ±3, ±4, ±5, ±6, ±7, ±8). A representative eight-mode OAM multiplexing case was then selected, and a transmission metasurface antenna capable of simultaneously multiplexing eight OAM modes (l = ±1, ±2, ±3, ±4) was designed, fabricated, and experimentally characterized. Both simulated and measured results demonstrate the effective suppression of mode interference and consistent mode purity across all generated OAM modes. As such, this work presents a flexible and general solution for multimode OAM generation and optimization, featuring low-complexity phase control. It also provides a practical implementation path for high-capacity communication and high-resolution radar systems.

     

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