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YANG Yang, LIU Kang, CHENG Yongqiang, et al. Development of a radar forward-looking three-dimensional imaging method based on linear wavefront modulation[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR25214
Citation: YANG Yang, LIU Kang, CHENG Yongqiang, et al. Development of a radar forward-looking three-dimensional imaging method based on linear wavefront modulation[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR25214
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Development of a Radar Forward-looking Three-dimensional Imaging Method Based on Linear Wavefront Modulation

DOI: 10.12000/JR25214 CSTR: 32380.14.JR25214

  • College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

Funds:  The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62322122, 62171446, 62401583)
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    Abstract
  • Vortex Electromagnetic (EM) waves exhibit spiral phase fronts and have attracted considerable interest in radar forward-looking imaging. However, their Bessel-type radiation intensity pattern limits detection range, imaging field of view, and the ability of EM vortex radar to retrieve elevation information. To overcome these limitations, this study analyzes the radiation field requirements of forward-looking imaging, and proposes a novel linear wavefront modulation scheme for EM waves. Inspired by the modulation mechanism of vortex waves, a linear wavefront modulation method based on a uniform linear array is developed. Full-wave simulations and radiation field measurements demonstrate that the proposed wave not only exhibits a phase front that varies linearly with elevation angle, but also forms a focused mainlobe, effectively avoiding energy divergence and axial nulls inherent to vortex waves. Moreover, its radiation field distribution shows coupled elevation-azimuth dependence. Based on this property, a forward-looking three-Dimensional (3D) imaging model is established. An elevation-azimuth imaging method using a rotating array and back-projection algorithm is proposed, and 3D images are reconstructed by integrating range information. Simulation results show that the proposed method enables forward-looking 3D imaging with robust performance under multi-target and low signal-to-noise ratio conditions. Compared with existing vortex interferometric and array-based real-aperture 3D imaging techniques, the proposed approach achieves superior imaging performance.

     

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