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LIU Lizhi, WANG Robert, LU Pingping, et al. HEAD-1.0: spaceborne hybrid-polarimetric SAR evaluation and analysis dataset[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR25183
Citation: LIU Lizhi, WANG Robert, LU Pingping, et al. HEAD-1.0: spaceborne hybrid-polarimetric SAR evaluation and analysis dataset[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR25183
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HEAD-1.0: Spaceborne Hybrid-polarimetric SAR Evaluation and Analysis Dataset

DOI: 10.12000/JR25183 CSTR: 32380.14.JR25183
  • 1.

    National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

  • 2.

    School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • 3.

    China Center for Resources Satellite Data and Application. Beijing 100094, China

Funds:  The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62495030, 62421001)
More Information
  • Corresponding author: WANG Robert, yuwang@mail.ie.ac.cn
  • Received Date: 2025-09-19
  • Rev Recd Date: 2025-11-24
    • Available Online: 2025-11-26
    Abstract
  • The spaceborne Hybrid-Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (HP-SAR) balances the acquisition of rich polarimetric information with high-performance imaging. It offers advantages such as low system complexity and reduced data acquisition costs, and has emerged as a prominent direction in multidimensional microwave remote sensing. LT-1 is China’s first radar satellite equipped with spaceborne HP imaging capability, and it is also the world’s first satellite to implement a multi-channel HP radar system. This study utilizes HP imagery from the LT-1 satellite to construct and systematically elaborate the HP-SAR Evaluation and Analytical Dataset (HEAD-1.0), thereby addressing the lack of high-quality open-source HP datasets. HEAD-1.0 aims to provide data support for the quantitative assessment of HP-SAR image quality, the development of HP-SAR technology, and the design of new satellite missions, with particular emphasis on supporting novel observational technologies for terrestrial, oceanic, and deep-space applications. It comprises three components: (1) LT-1 SAR imagery, including 30 HP-SAR images and 16 Quad-Polarimetric SAR (QP-SAR) images, covering an area of approximately 60,000 km2; (2) auxiliary data, including six optical images and digital elevation model data in the same area as SAR images; and (3) annotation data, including 28 active/passive calibrators, approximately 17 km2 of land cover classification, and 23 polygonal/linear annotated planetary analog scenes. Based on HEAD-1.0, a preliminary qualitative and quantitative study was conducted, involving HP-SAR calibration, a comparison of terrain classification between HP-SAR and QP-SAR, and an analysis of HP characterizations of planetary analog scenes. In the future, an internationally advanced polarimetric SAR benchmark database will be constructed by integrating multi-platform, multi-band, multi-angle, and multi-temporal imaging data. In particular, the future study will focus on supporting innovative research on key technologies, including planetary surface and subsurface exploration, intelligent fusion of multisource remote sensing data, and advanced interpretation algorithms for SAR imagery.

     

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