Volume 14 Issue 4
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WU Haozheng, SHI Chenguang, and ZHOU Jianjiang. Joint transmit-receive beam design of FDA-MIMO dual-function radar-communication systems for radio-frequency stealth[J]. Journal of Radars, 2025, 14(4): 867–895. doi: 10.12000/JR25032
Citation: WU Haozheng, SHI Chenguang, and ZHOU Jianjiang. Joint transmit-receive beam design of FDA-MIMO dual-function radar-communication systems for radio-frequency stealth[J]. Journal of Radars, 2025, 14(4): 867–895. doi: 10.12000/JR25032
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Joint Transmit-receive Beam Design of FDA-MIMO Dual-function Radar-communication Systems for Radio-frequency Stealth

DOI: 10.12000/JR25032 CSTR: 32380.14.JR25032

  • Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China

Funds:  The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62271247), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20240181), National Aerospace Science Foundation of China (20220055052001), Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province, Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX25_0592)
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  • Corresponding author: SHI Chenguang, scg_space@163.com
  • Received Date: 2025-02-14
  • Rev Recd Date: 2025-06-27
    • Available Online: 2025-06-27
  • Publish Date: 2025-07-09
    Abstract
  • Efficient Radio-Frequency (RF) stealth is crucial for Dual-Function Radar-Communication (DFRC) systems that detect radar stealth and con vert communication transmission. However, traditional beamforming schemes based on phased arrays and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems lack the ability to control the radiation energy in the range dimension, resulting in the facile interception of integrated transmission signals by enemy-owned passive detection systems. To address this issue, a joint transmit-receive beamforming design for Frequency Diversity Array MIMO (FDA-MIMO) DFRC systems is designed herein to achieve RF stealth. First, an integrated transmission signal model based on orthogonal waveform generation, frequency diversity modulation, and weighted transmission beamforming is constructed. The two-dimensional expression of the distance angle between the radar equivalent transmission beam pattern and the communication transmission channel is obtained through matched filtering and reception beamforming. Second, with communication information embedding and communication reachable rate as constraints, a joint optimization model for FDA-MIMO radar communication integrated transmission and reception beams for RF stealth is established. The model aims to simultaneously minimize the equivalent transmission beam power at the radar target and maximize the output signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, a joint optimization algorithm based on Weighted Mean-Square Error Minimization (WMMSE) and the Consensus Alternating Direction Method of Multiplier (C-ADMM) is proposed. Closed form expressions for each variable are derived and combined with convex optimization algorithms to achieve low-complexity solutions. The simulation results show that radar detection and communication transmission using the proposed method form a “point-to-point” pattern on the two-dimensional plane of range and angle, exhibiting good RF stealth capability. Simultaneously, this method can provide high clutter and interference suppression performance as well as a low communication bit error rate.

     

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