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| Citation: | Jean-Yves Schneider, Gilles Beauquet, Frédéric Barbaresco. Circulation Retrieval of Wake Vortices under Rainy Conditions with an X Band Radar[J]. Journal of Radars, 2017, 6(6): 673-699. doi: 10.12000/JR17070
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Circulation Retrieval of Wake Vortices under Rainy Conditions with an X Band Radar
DOI: 10.12000/JR17070
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Abstract
At airports, runway operation is the limiting factor for the overall throughput; specifically the fixed and overly conservative ICAO wake turbulence separation minima. The wake turbulence hazardous flows can dissipate quicker because of decay due to air turbulence or be transported out of the way on oncoming traffic by cross-wind, yet wake turbulence separation minima do not take into account wind conditions. Indeed, for safety reasons, most airports assume a worst-case scenario and use conservative separations; the interval between aircraft taking off or landing therefore often amounts to several minutes. However, with the aid of accurate wind data and precise measurements of wake vortex by radar sensors, more efficient intervals can be set, particularly when weather conditions are stable. Depending on traffic volume, these adjustments can generate capacity gains, which have major commercial benefits. This paper presents the use of Electronic scanning radar for detecting wake vortices. In this method, the raindrops Doppler spectrogram is used to retrieve the strength of the wake vortex. Numerical simulation are performed to establish an empirical model used during the retrieval method. This paper presents also the results obtained during the trials of the PARIS-CDG data set recorded from October 2014 to November 2015 with an X-band RADAR developed and deployed by THALES.
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References
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- Figure 1. THALES X-band RADAR
- Figure 2. Location of THALES X-band RADAR
- Figure 3. RADAR scanning domain (horizontal)
- Figure 4. RADAR scanning domain (vertical)
- Figure 5. Global architecture of RADAR system deployed in PARIS-CDG
- Figure 6. X-band RADAR modes available
- Figure 7. Notations used to define a scenario
- Figure 8. Mean Doppler velocity as a function of range-Case of A319-Beam elevation 5°
- Figure 9. Comparison between TL(max) and its fitted function-All beams
- Figure 10. Comparison between TR(min) and its fitted function- All beams
- Figure 11. Block diagram of wake vortex processing
- Figure 12. Range evaluation-A380-RADAR beam elevation 5°
- Figure 13. Elevation evaluation-A380-RADAR beam elevation 5°
- Figure 14. Circulation evaluation-A380-RADAR beam elevation 5°
- Figure 15. Range/Doppler map-Impact of ground clutter
- Figure 16. Pre-processing-A342-2015/01/28 05:22-All beams-scan 2
- Figure 17. Vmin & Vmax-A342-2015/01/28 05:22-All beams
- Figure 18. DL & DR-A342-2015/01/28 05:22-All beams
- Figure 19. Data availability-Threshold 27R landing recordings
- Figure 20. Histogram of instantaneous wind direction (MET data)
- Figure 21. Histogram of instantaneous wind speed (mean=5.4 m/s, MET data)
- Figure 22. Durations of vortices for all landing aircraft per category-Threshold 27R
- Figure 23. Coefficient a versus b0 (all categories)-Threshold 27R
- Figure 24. Histogram of measured Vmin & Vmax (all categories)-Threshold 27R