Volume 14 Issue 1
Jan.  2025
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Article Navigation >  Journal of Radars  > 2025  >  14(1): 168-188
HUANG Shuaiming, ZHU Xiaohua, WANG Wubin, et al. U-Sodar: Noncontact vital sign detection technology based on ultrasonic radar[J]. Journal of Radars, 2025, 14(1): 168–188. doi: 10.12000/JR24114
Citation: HUANG Shuaiming, ZHU Xiaohua, WANG Wubin, et al. U-Sodar: Noncontact vital sign detection technology based on ultrasonic radar[J]. Journal of Radars, 2025, 14(1): 168–188. doi: 10.12000/JR24114
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U-Sodar: Noncontact Vital Sign Detection Technology Based on Ultrasonic Radar

DOI: 10.12000/JR24114 CSTR: 32380.14.JR24114
  • 1.

    Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210000, China

  • 2.

    North Institute of Automatic Control Technology, Taiyuan 030006, China

Funds:  The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62431013, 62301255, 62201259), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20220942, BK20220940), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (30923011026, 30923011006)
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  • Corresponding author: ZHAO Heng, soniczhao@live.com; HONG Hong, hongnju@njust.edu.cn
  • Received Date: 2024-06-05
  • Rev Recd Date: 2024-09-22
    • Available Online: 2024-09-29
  • Publish Date: 2024-10-18
    Abstract
  • Amidst the global aging trend and a growing emphasis on healthy living, there is an increased demand for unobtrusive home health monitoring systems. However, the current mainstream detection methods in this regard suffer from low privacy trust, poor electromagnetic compatibility, and high manufacturing costs. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a noncontact vital signal collection device using Ultrasonic radar (U-Sodar), including a set of hardware based on a three-transmitter four-receiver Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) architecture and a set of signal processing algorithms. The U-Sodar local oscillator uses frequency division technology with low phase noise and high detection accuracy; the receiver employs front-end direct sampling technology to simplify the involved structure and effectively reduce external noise, and the transmitter uses an adjustable PWM direct drive to emit various ultrasonic waveforms, possessing software-defined ultrasonic system characteristics. The signal processing algorithm of U-Sodar adopts the graph processing technique of signal chord length and realizes accurate recovery of signal phase under 5 dB Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) using picture filtering and then reconstruction. Experimental tests on the U-Sodar system demonstrated its anti-interference and penetration capabilities, proving that ultrasonic penetration relies on material porosity rather than intermedium vibration conduction. The minimum measurable displacement for a given SNR with correct demodulation probability is also derived. The results of actual human vital sign signal measurement experiments indicate that U-Sodar can accurately measure respiration and heartbeat at 3.0 m and 1.5 m, respectively, and the heartbeat waveforms can be measured within 1.0 m. Overall, the experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and application potential of U-Sodar in noncontact vital sign detection.

     

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