Volume 9 Issue 5
Oct.  2020
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Article Navigation >  Journal of Radars  > 2020  >  9(5): 828-855
HE Feng, ZHANG Yongsheng, SUN Zaoyu, et al. Performance investigation on elevation cascaded digital beamforming for multidimensional waveform encoding SAR imaging[J]. Journal of Radars, 2020, 9(5): 828–855. DOI: 10.12000/JR20107
Citation: HE Feng, ZHANG Yongsheng, SUN Zaoyu, et al. Performance investigation on elevation cascaded digital beamforming for multidimensional waveform encoding SAR imaging[J]. Journal of Radars, 2020, 9(5): 828–855. DOI: 10.12000/JR20107
shu

Performance Investigation on Elevation Cascaded Digital Beamforming for Multidimensional Waveform Encoding SAR Imaging

doi: 10.12000/JR20107

  • College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

Funds:  The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61771478)
More Information
  • Author Bio:

    HE Feng received the B.S. and Ph.D. degrees in signal processing from National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, in 1998 and 2005, respectively. From March 2015 to September 2015, he joined the scientific staff of the Technical University of Munich to work within a cooperation framework at the Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Wessling, Germany. Here as a visiting scholar, he participated in the distributed spaceborne SAR research work. He is currently a professor with the College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology. His current major research interests include SAR processing, array processing, and MIMO radar system. E-mail: hefeng@nudt.edu.cn

    ZHANG Yongsheng was born in Inner Mongolia, China, in December 1977. He received the Ph.D. degrees in electronics and information engineering from National University of Defense Technology in 2007. He is currently a professor with the College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology. His current major research interests include SAR system design and SAR data processing. E-mail: zhangyongsheng@nudt.edu.cn

    SUN Zaoyu was born in Hubei, China, in July 1978. He received the B.S. and Ph.D. degrees in signal processing from National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, in 2000 and 2008, respectively. He is currently a lecturer with the College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology. His research interests include SAR and InSAR processing. E-mail: sunzaoyu@nudt.edu.cn

    JIN Guanghu was born in Anhui, China, in February 1980. He received the B.E., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in signal processing from National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, in 2002, 2004 and 2009 respectively. He is currently an associate professor with the College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology. His research interests include Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), inverse SAR, and radar target recognition. E-mail: guanghujin@nudt.edu.cn

    DONG Zhen was born in Anhui, China, in September 1973. He received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from National University of Defense Technology, Changsha in 2001. He is currently a professor with the College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology. His recent research interests include SAR system design and processing, Ground Moving Target Indication (GMTI), and digital beamforming. E-mail: dongzhen@nudt.edu.cn

  • Corresponding author: He Feng, hefeng@nudt.edu.cn; Dong Zhen, dongzhen@nudt.edu.cn
  • Received Date: 2020-07-23
  • Rev Recd Date: 2020-09-28
    • Available Online: 2020-10-16
  • Publish Date: 2020-10-28
    Abstract
  • An important issue in a Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) system employing Multidimensional Waveform Encoding (MWE) is the fulfillments of Digital BeamForming (DBF) on receive in elevation for a reliable separation of the mutually overlapped echoes from multiple transmit waveforms. In this paper, the performance of a separation approach employing hybrid DBF in elevation by combining the onboard real-time beam-steering and a posteriori null-steering DBF on the ground is elaborately investigated. As a cascaded structure which comprises two subsequent DBF networks, the onboard part effectuates the steering of the mainlobes within multiple partitioned groups of antenna elements to ensure sufficient signal receive gain over the whole swath; the a posteriori adaptive DBF network on the ground mainly performs the task of placing nulls to cancel the range interference from other transmit waveforms, which enables adaptive beamforming to avoid the topographic height variation problem. Two type of onboard realtime beamformers are investigated, depending on the utilization of the transmit waveform structure information or not. The performance of the hybrid DBF approach is theoretically analyzed and evaluated in simulation experiment. It is shown that the hybrid DBF approach can provide additional dimensions of the trade-space to optimize the performance on range ambiguity suppression and signal-to-noise ratio improvement, as well as the onboard data volume reduction. In comparison with the a posteriori DBF on the ground, employing the hybrid DBF networks can get satisfactory performance while remarkably reducing the output data volume, in the presented example, the corresponding output channel number is decreased from 10 to 6.

     

    • FullText(HTML)
  • loading
    • References(28)
  • [1]
    MOREIRA A, PRATS-IRAOLA P, YOUNIS M, et al. A tutorial on synthetic aperture radar[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Magazine, 2013, 1(1): 6–43. doi: 10.1109/MGRS.2013.2248301
    [2]
    KRIEGER G, GEBERT N, and MOREIRA A. Unambiguous SAR signal reconstruction from nonuniform displaced phase center sampling[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2004, 1(4): 260–264. doi: 10.1109/LGRS.2004.832700
    [3]
    GEBERT N, KRIEGER G, and MOREIRA A. Digital beamforming on receive: Techniques and optimization strategies for high-resolution wide-swath SAR imaging[J]. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 2009, 45(2): 564–592. doi: 10.1109/TAES.2009.5089542
    [4]
    KRIEGER G, GEBERT N, and MOREIRA A. Multidimensional waveform encoding: A new digital beamforming technique for synthetic aperture radar remote sensing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2008, 46(1): 31–46. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2007.905974
    [5]
    ZHAO Qingchao, ZHANG Yi, WANG Wei, et al. Echo separation for space-time waveform-encoding SAR with digital scalloped beamforming and adaptive multiple null-steering[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2020, in press. doi: 10.1109/LGRS.2020.2968811
    [6]
    FENG Fan, LI Shiqiang, YU Weidong, et al. Study on the processing scheme for space-time waveform encoding SAR system based on two-dimensional digital beamforming[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2012, 50(3): 910–932. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2011.2162097
    [7]
    FENG Fan, LI Shiqiang, YU Weidong, et al. Echo separation in multidimensional waveform encoding SAR remote sensing using an advanced null-steering beamformer[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2012, 50(10): 4157–4172. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2187905
    [8]
    HE Feng, MA Xile, DONG Zhen, et al. Digital beamforming on receive in elevation for multidimensional waveform encoding SAR sensing[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2014, 11(12): 2173–2177. doi: 10.1109/LGRS.2014.2323267
    [9]
    XU Wei and DENG Yunkai. Waveform diversity extraction in Spaceborne MIMO-SAR system based on multidimensional waveform encoding[J]. Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2012, 41(1): 25–30. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-0548.2012.01.005
    [10]
    HE Feng, DONG Zhen, and LIANG Diannong. A novel space-time coding Alamouti waveform scheme for MIMO-SAR[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2015, 12(2): 229–233. doi: 10.1109/LGRS.2014.2333232
    [11]
    KRIEGER G. MIMO-SAR: Opportunities and pitfalls[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2014, 52(5): 2628–2645. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2013.2263934
    [12]
    YOUNIS M, KRIEGER G, and MOREIRA A. MIMO SAR techniques and trades[C]. 2013 IEEE European Radar Conference, Nuremberg, Germany, 2013: 141–144.
    [13]
    DIEBOLD A V, IMANI M F, and SMITH D R. Phaseless radar coincidence imaging with a MIMO SAR platform[J]. Remote Sensing, 2019, 11(5): 533. doi: 10.3390/rs11050533
    [14]
    HUANG Pingping and XU Wei. ASTC-MIMO-TOPS mode with digital beam-forming in elevation for high-resolution wide-swath imaging[J]. Remote Sensing, 2015, 7(3): 2952–2970. doi: 10.3390/rs70302952
    [15]
    KIM J, YOUNIS M, MOREIRA A, et al. Spaceborne MIMO synthetic aperture radar for multimodal operation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2015, 53(5): 2453–2466. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2014.2360148
    [16]
    WANG Wenqin. MIMO SAR imaging: Potential and challenges[J]. IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, 2013, 28(8): 18–23. doi: 10.1109/MAES.2013.6575407
    [17]
    WANG Jie, LIANG Xingdong, DING Chibiao, et al. A novel scheme for ambiguous energy suppression in MIMO-SAR systems[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2015, 12(2): 344–348. doi: 10.1109/LGRS.2014.2340898
    [18]
    QI Weikong and YU Weidong. A novel operation mode for spaceborne polarimetric SAR[J]. Science China Information Sciences, 2011, 54(4): 884–897. doi: 10.1007/s11432-011-4183-1
    [19]
    YOUNIS M, HUBER S, PATYUCHENKO A, et al. Performance comparison of reflector- and planar-antenna based digital beam-forming SAR[J]. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 2009, 2009: 614931.
    [20]
    ZHAO Qingchao, ZHANG Yi, WANG Wei, et al. On the frequency dispersion in DBF SAR and digital scalloped beamforming[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2020, 58(5): 3619–3632. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2019.2958863
    [21]
    YOUNIS M, ROMMEL T, BORDONI F, et al. On the pulse extension loss in digital beamforming SAR[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2015, 12(7): 1436–1440. doi: 10.1109/LGRS.2015.2406815
    [22]
    SUESS M and WIESBECK W. Side-looking synthetic aperture radar system[J]. European Patent EP, 2002, 1(241): 487.
    [23]
    BORDONI F, YOUNIS M, VARONA E M, et al. Performance investigation on scan-on-receive and adaptive digital beam-forming for high-resolution wide-swath synthetic aperture radar[C]. International ITG Workshop of Smart Antennas, Berlin, Germany, 2009: 114–121.
    [24]
    WANG Wei, WANG R, DENG Yunkai, et al. An improved processing scheme of digital beam-forming in elevation for reducing resource occupation[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2016, 13(3): 309–313.
    [25]
    OPPENHEIM A V, SCHAFER R W, and BUCK J R. Discrete-Time Signal Processing[M]. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River: Prentice-Hall, 1999.
    [26]
    VAN TREES H L. Optimum Array Processing: Part IV of Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory[M]. New York, USA: Wiley-Interscience Press, 2002.
    [27]
    GUERCI J R. Theory and application of covariance matrix tapers for robust adaptive beamforming[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 1999, 47(4): 977–985. doi: 10.1109/78.752596
    [28]
    GOLUB G H and VAN LOAN C F. Matrix Computations[M]. 2nd ed. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989.
    • Relative Articles
    • Supplements(0)
    • Cited By
  • 加载中

Catalog

    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

    1. 本站搜索
    2. 百度学术搜索
    3. 万方数据库搜索
    4. CNKI搜索
    Get Citation
    PDF
    XML
    Article views(2092) PDF downloads(130) Cited by()
    Proportional views
    Related

    京ICP备20021838号-8   Supported by: Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co. Ltd     百度统计

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return