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WANG Cicheng, ZHAO Yufei, and YANG Helin. Near-field scattering characteristics of metallic plate targets by multi-mode vortex electromagnetic waves[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR25277
Citation: WANG Cicheng, ZHAO Yufei, and YANG Helin. Near-field scattering characteristics of metallic plate targets by multi-mode vortex electromagnetic waves[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR25277
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Near-field Scattering Characteristics of Metallic Plate Targets by Multi-mode Vortex Electromagnetic Waves

DOI: 10.12000/JR25277 CSTR: 32380.14.JR25277
  • 1.

    College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China

  • 2.

    School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore

Funds:  The Special Fund for Basic Research of Central Universities (CCNU25ai042), The Program of China Scholarship Council(202506770045)
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    Abstract
  • Multimode vortex electromagnetic waves, which carry mutually orthogonal Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM), have attracted extensive research interest in communications and radar systems due to their unique amplitude and phase characteristics. This study investigates the near-field scattering characteristics of metallic plate targets under the incidence of multimode vortex electromagnetic waves. First, an incidence model for multimode vortex waves is constructed based on annular aperture radiation theory, and the near-field scattering field of a perfect electric conductor circular plate is derived using the physical optics method. Subsequently, the effects of target longitudinal distance, transverse displacement, geometric features, and mode combination parameters (initial mode, mode interval, and number of modes) on the scattering characteristics are quantitatively analyzed, and the multimode near-field OAM radar cross section is calculated. The research results demonstrate that compared to plane wave incidence, the coherent superposition of multimode beams provides richer spatial feature information. The target’s efficiency in intercepting high-order mode energy significantly decreases with increasing propagation distance. Although the transverse displacement of the target induces substantial mode spectrum crosstalk, the original scattering features can be effectively reconstructed through vector superposition of scattering fields at symmetrical positions by exploiting spatial complementarity. Furthermore, the geometric shape of the target produces fine modulation on the scattering field when its size is comparable to that of the main lobe, and this modulation effect gradually diminishes as the target size increases. The theoretical calculations closely align with the simulation results, showing a main mode purity deviation of less than 0.0207 and a root mean square error of 0.054 in the scattering field amplitude distribution, thus verifying the accuracy of the theory. This study reveals the interaction mechanism between multimode vortex waves and targets, providing theoretical support for target recognition and imaging system design in future multimode vortex radar systems.

     

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