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WEI Yihai, YE Xinkui, ZHANG Yongwei, et al. Novel space-time phase-coded echo separation method for mimo-sar[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR25148
Citation: WEI Yihai, YE Xinkui, ZHANG Yongwei, et al. Novel space-time phase-coded echo separation method for mimo-sar[J]. Journal of Radars, in press. doi: 10.12000/JR25148
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Novel Space-time Phase-coded Echo Separation Method for MIMO-SAR

DOI: 10.12000/JR25148 CSTR: 32380.14.JR25148
  • 1.

    Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China

  • 2.

    School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049, China

  • 3.

    The 91715th Unit of the People's Liberation Army of China; Guangzhou 510000, China

Funds:  The National Natural Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFB3904901)
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    Abstract
  • High-resolution wide-swath imaging is a key development direction for next-generation spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) SAR systems offer high spatial degrees of freedom, enabling enhanced system performance. However, effectively separating echoes from different transmit channels in MIMO-SAR systems is key to unlocking their advantages in spatial degrees of freedom. In this regard, a novel Space-Time Phase-Coded (STPC) waveform for MIMO-SAR systems is proposed based on the phase characteristics of SAR signals and the space-time properties of the “stop-and-go” model. This waveform modulates transmitted signals in the range dimension via phase coding and emits them at distinct spatial positions within each pulse repetition period, following a preset coding sequence. Upon reception, demodulating aliased echoes using receiver timing matched to the transmitter enables the efficient separation of echoes from different transmit channels. The proposed scheme can be integrated with existing classical azimuth multichannel reconstruction methods, effectively mitigating the trade-off between pulse repetition frequency and echo separability. Compared with the Alamouti, short-term shift-orthogonal, and segmented phase code waveforms in current MIMO-SAR systems, the STPC approach reduces antenna requirements by nearly 50%, thereby lowering the cost and complexity of hardware implementation. Simulation experiments on point targets and distributed scenes verify that the proposed waveform and processing scheme effectively suppress interwaveform interference and deliver strong imaging performance.

     

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