飞机尾流的散射特性与探测技术综述

李健兵; 高航; 王涛; 王雪松

doi:10.12000/JR17068

A Survey of the Scattering Characteristics and Detection of Aircraft Wake Vortices

doi: 10.12000/JR17068

College of Electronic Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61771479, 41375040, 61490649)

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Author Bio:
Li Jianbing was born in Hunan, China, in 1979. He received his Ph.D. degree from National University of Defense Technology (NUDT) in 2010. He is an IEEE senior member as well as a CIE senior member, currently working as an associate professor at the College of Electronic Science and a distinguished professor at the State Key Laboratory of Complex Electromagnetic Environmental Effects on Electronics & Information System, NUDT. He has published 19 first-author SCI papers, and was elected as an outstanding scientific and technical worker of CIE, an editor member of “Journal of Radar”, and a potential outstanding young scholar in NUDT. His research interest concentrates on radar characteristics and detection of distributed soft targets

Gao Hang was born in Sichuan, China, in 1995. She received the B.E. degree from Southwest Jiaotong University. She is currently working toward the M.E. degree at the College of Electronic Science, National University of Defense Technology. Her research interest concentrates on radar signal processing

Wang Tao was born in Henan, China, in 1976. He received the Ph.D. degree from the College of Electronic Science and Engineering in National University of Defense Technology (NUDT). He is currently working as an associate professor at the College of Electronic Sciene, NUDT. His research interest concentrates on radar signal processing

Wang Xuesong was born in Inner Mongolia, China, in 1972. He received his Ph.D. degree from the College of Electronic Science and Engineering in National University of Defense Technology (NUDT). He is currently working as a professor at NUDT. His research interests concentrate on polarimetric radar information processing, target recognition and new system radar technology

摘要

Abstract:
Aircraft wake vortex is a pair of strong counter-rotating vortices and has attracted considerable attention in various fields including aviation safety and atmospheric physics. The characteristics and detection of wake vortex act as the basis for both behavior prediction as well as hazard assessment. This paper provides a short survey of the characteristics and detection researches. Initially, the wake vortex is classified as clear-air wake vortex (i.e., wake turbulence and contrail) and precipitation wake vortex (i.e., under rainy, foggy or snowy condition). Subsequently, the dynamics and scattering are introduced, and the main verdicts are: the radar (radio detection and ranging) scattering of wake vortex is relatively weak under clear air conditions, but the Lidar (Light detection and ranging) scattering is appreciable owing to the presence of particles such as aerosols. Wake vortices under precipitation conditions and contrails possess relatively good radar reflectivity owing the strong scattering characteristics of precipitation droplets and ice crystals. Furthermore, we have introduced a joint detection scheme of Lidar and radar for wake vortex along with parameter-retrieval algorithms. Finally, we have presented our conclusions and intended future research.
- Clear-air wake vortex /
- Precipitation wake vortex /
- Light detection and ranging (Lidar) /
- Radar /
- Parameter-retrieval

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Figure 1. Image of aircraft wake

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Figure 2. Aircraft wake and its impact on flight safety

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Figure 3. Classification and state-of-art of aircraft wake researches

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Figure 4. Scattering characteristics of clear-air wake

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Figure 5. Dynamics characteristics and scattering echoes of raindrops in the wake under rainy conditions^[50]

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Figure 6. Wake detection results from W band radar carried out by the U. S. Department of Transportation at the Logan airport in Boston in 2009. The low scattering region near the two vortex cores and the high scattering region below the two vortex cores are observed from the upper figure. From the figure below, the crossover structure of positive-negative Doppler velocities is observed

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