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Rotational Doppler Detection of a Cone-shaped Target under the Illumination of a Vortex Electromagnetic Wave
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摘要: 涡旋电磁波具有独特螺旋状波前结构，其受目标横向微动调制产生的旋转多普勒效应，有望为雷达目标探测技术的发展提供一个新途径。在涡旋电磁波照射下，利用锥体微动对回波瞬时频率的周期性调制特性，可以有效反演出锥体目标的微动参数和几何特征。该文重点研究了雷达前视条件下的锥体目标参数估计。首先，基于涡旋电磁波雷达目标旋转多普勒探测原理，推导了涡旋电磁波锥体目标回波数学方程，建立了锥体目标回波旋转多普勒模型。其次，提出了前视条件下的锥体目标参数估计方法，利用锥顶散射点和锥底散射点两维的旋转多普勒信息，可以对锥体目标微动参数和几何特征参数进行有效估计，仿真结果验证了该文所提方法的有效性及抗噪声鲁棒性。Abstract: The vortex ElectroMagnetic (EM) wave has a unique spiral phase wavefront. The rotational Doppler effect, induced by the lateral micromotion of a target is expected to provide a new mode of radar target detection. Under the illumination of vortex EM waves, the micromotion of a cone-shaped target periodically modulates the instantaneous frequency of the radar echo; this can effectively reflect the geometric characteristics and micromotion parameters of a cone-shaped target. This paper focuses on the estimation of cone-shaped target parameters under forward-looking radar conditions. First, based on the principle of vortex EM wave target rotational Doppler detection, a mathematical equation describing the vortex EM wave of a cone-shaped target echo is derived, and an echo rotational Doppler model is established. Second, a method for cone-shaped target parameter estimation under forward-looking conditions is proposed. Using the two-dimensional rotational Doppler information of the scattering points at the top and bottom of a cone-shaped target, the micromotion and geometric parameters of the target can be effectively estimated. The simulation results verify the effectiveness and robustness of the method proposed in this paper.
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图 1 涡旋电磁波雷达锥体目标探测示意图
Figure 1. Diagram of the vortex electromagnetic radar cone-shaped target detection
图 3 回波时频分布与多普勒模型对比
Figure 3. Comparison of echo time-frequency distribution and Doppler model
图 4 信号分离及参数估计方法流程
Figure 4. Flowchart of the signal separation and parameter estimation method
表 1 参数估计结果
Table 1. Parameter estimation result
参数 真实值 估计值 估计误差 (%) θc 15° 14.5758° 2.83 Ωc 8π rad/s 7.8821π rad/s 1.47 H 2 m 2.0105 m 0.52 ra 0.5 m 0.5426 m 8.52 
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