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Range-Doppler Two-dimensional Jamming Reconstruction Algorithm Based on Interpulse Code Agile Waveform
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摘要: 密集假目标干扰通过在真实目标周围产生大量假目标，形成欺骗和压制双重干扰效果，严重影响雷达的目标探测能力。为此，该文提出一种基于脉间码型捷变波形的距离-多普勒二维干扰重构算法来抑制密集假目标干扰。该算法基于脉间码型捷变波形的距离选通性，在距离-多普勒域通过交替反演实现干扰和目标重构，并从回波中对消干扰来实现干扰剔除。首先，通过构造不同距离段的接收滤波器组来实现干扰和目标回波的分距离段处理；其次，采用联合失配滤波器组使各脉冲滤波输出的距离旁瓣结构近似相同，减小脉间码型捷变波形经脉冲多普勒处理后沿多普勒维的散布能量；然后，利用干扰和目标回波在不同距离-多普勒平面上的能量分布特性构造滤波矩阵；最后，通过交替反演实现干扰和目标的精准重构，进而实现密集假目标干扰的抑制。仿真结果表明，与传统方法相比，该文所提算法在干扰抑制和运行时间方面展现出优越的性能，显著提升了雷达在强干扰环境中的目标检测能力。Abstract: Dense false target jamming generates a large number of false targets around the real target, leading to dual jamming effects of deception and suppression. This severely affects the target detection ability of the radar. Therefore, this study proposes a range-Doppler two-dimensional jamming reconstruction algorithm based on the interpulse code agile waveform to suppress dense false target jamming. Based on the range-gating characteristics of the interpulse code agile waveform, the jamming and target echo reconstruction in the range-Doppler domain is realized by alternate inversion. Reconstruction jamming is eliminated by the iterative cancellation method. First, the jamming and target echo are processed by constructing receiving filter banks with different range intervals. Second, a joint mismatched filter bank is used to make the range sidelobe structure of each pulse filter output approximately the same. This reduces the divergence energy along the Doppler dimension after the pulse Doppler processing of the interpulse code agile waveform. The filter matrix is then constructed using the energy distribution characteristics of the jamming and target echo in different range-Doppler regions. Finally, accurate jamming and target echo reconstruction are achieved by alternate inversion to suppress dense false target jamming. Simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed algorithm in terms of jamming suppression and running time compared with traditional algorithms. These procedures significantly improve the target detection capability of the radar in strong jamming scenarios.
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图 1 来自不同距离段的干扰和目标回波以及对应接收滤波器组示意图
Figure 1. Diagram of the jamming and target echo from different range intervals and the corresponding receiving filter banks
图 2 基于脉间码型捷变波形的距离-多普勒二维干扰重构算法流程图
Figure 2. Flowchart of the range-Doppler two-dimensional jamming reconstruction algorithm based on interpulse code agile waveform
图 3 LFM与脉间码型捷变波形回波分距离段相参处理结果对比
Figure 3. Comparison of the coherent processing results of the different range intervals between LFM and interpulse code agile waveform echoes
图 4 不同迭代次数下的分距离段相参处理结果
Figure 4. Coherent processing results of the different range intervals under different iterations
图 6 CLEAN算法处理后的干扰抑制结果
Figure 6. Jamming suppression results after CLEAN algorithm processing
图 7 不同SNR条件下SJNR随SJR的变化曲线(实线为本文算法，虚线为CLEAN算法)
Figure 7. SJNR curve with SJR value under different SNR conditions (the solid lines represent the proposed algorithm, and the dashed lines represent the CLEAN algorithm)
1 基于脉间码型捷变波形的距离-多普勒二维干扰重构算法
1. Range-Doppler two-dimensional jamming reconstruction algorithm based on interpulse code agile waveform
步骤1 根据回波信号的分距离段相参处理结果初步判断干扰信
号所在距离段以及对应多普勒范围，且初始化滤波矩阵更新次数
$\gamma = 0$；步骤2 对于$\forall x \in \left\{ {0,1, \cdots ,X - 1} \right\}$，根据现有干扰、目标信息
设计或更新滤波矩阵${\boldsymbol{J}}_x^{\left\{ \gamma \right\}}$；步骤3 对于$\forall x \in \left\{ {0,1, \cdots ,X - 1} \right\}$，初始化${\boldsymbol{E}}_x^{\left\{ 0 \right\}}$为全0矩阵； 步骤4 初始化迭代序号$k = 0$； 步骤5 根据式(23)，对来自不同距离段的回波信号进行迭代重构； 步骤6 令$k = k + 1$，重复步骤5直到满足算法停止条件； 步骤7 根据式(25)获得来自不同距离段回波信号的距离-多普勒
成像结果；步骤8 执行目标检测流程。若检测到新的目标，令$\gamma = \gamma + 1$并
重复步骤2—步骤8；否则，结束算法流程。
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表 1 交替反演重构干扰/目标的计算复杂度
Table 1. Computational complexity of alternate inversion reconstructed jamming/target
步骤 计算复杂度 快时间失配滤波 $\mathcal{O}\left( {ML} \right)$ 慢时间加窗多普勒处理 $\mathcal{O}\left( {ML + LP\log P} \right)$ 提取距离-多普勒平面干扰/
目标速度分布区间能量$\mathcal{O}\left( {LP} \right)$ 慢时间逆处理 $\mathcal{O}\left( {ML + LP\log P} \right)$ 快时间逆处理 $\mathcal{O}\left( {ML} \right)$
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表 2 波形参数
Table 2. Waveform parameters
参数 数值 码片宽度(μs) 0.4 码片个数 128 信号脉宽(μs) 51.2 信号带宽(MHz) 2.5 脉冲重复周期(μs) 512 载频(GHz) 0.5 脉冲数 128
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